Miladinov kardeşler Bulgarca Bratya Miladinovi Makedonca Brakja Miladinovci Dimitar Miladinov 1810 1862 ve Konstantin M

Miladinov kardeşler (Bulgarca: Bratya Miladinovi, Makedonca: Brakja Miladinovci), Dimitar Miladinov (1810–1862) ve Konstantin Miladinov (1830–1862), Osmanlı Makedonya'sındaki Bulgar ulusal hareketinin şairleri, folklorcuları ve aktivistleriydi. En çok, Bulgar edebiyatına ve Bulgar Ulusal Dirilişi sırasında folklor çalışmalarının doğuşuna yaptıkları katkıların en büyüğü olarak kabul edilen adlı halk şarkıları koleksiyonlarıyla tanınırlar. Konstantin Miladinov, Rusya'da kaldığı süre boyunca yazdığı (Güney İçin Keder) şiiriyle de ünlüdür.

Kuzey Makedonya'da Miladinov kardeşler, Makedon ulusal uyanışının ve edebi geleneğinin temelini atan Makedonlar olarak tanınıyor. Bu görüşün savunucuları, Miladinov kardeşlerin kendilerine, dillerine ve kültürlerine Bulgarca atıfta bulunduklarını, çünkü Bulgarcanın etnik bağlılığı değil, farklı sosyokültürel kategorileri belirlediğini iddia ediyorlar. Bu görüş, Miladinov kardeşlerin orijinal eserlerinin çoğunun halka açık olmadığı, sadece sansürlenmiş versiyonları ve düzeltilmiş kopyalarının yayınlandığı Kuzey Makedonya'da yaygındır.

Miladinov kardeşlerin memleketi Struga şehri, onurlarına uluslararası Struga Şiir Akşamları festivaline ev sahipliği yapıyor.

Dimitar Miladinov

Dimitar Miladinov, 1810 yılında Osmanlı İmparatorluğu'nun Struga kasabasında (bugünkü Kuzey Makedonya Cumhuriyeti'nde) Hristo Miladinov ve eşi Sultana adlı bir çömlekçinin ailesinde doğdu. Dimitar, altı erkek ve iki kız olmak üzere sekiz çocuğun en büyüğüydü.

Konstantin Miladinov

Konstantin Miladinov, çömlekçi Hristo Miladinov'un ailesinin en küçük oğluydu. 1830'da Struga'da doğdu.

Tartışmaları

Miladinov kardeşler, Makedonya'daki Bulgar ulusal fikrinin ateşli savunucularıydı, dillerine ve kültürlerine yalnızca Bulgar olarak atıfta bulunarak, açıkça Bulgar olarak tanımlandılar. Bununla birlikte, etnik kökenleri, dilleri ve mirasları Bulgaristan ile Kuzey Makedonya arasında tartışmalı bir siyasi meseledir.

Kuzey Makedonya'daki resmi görüş, Miladinov kardeşlerin aslında Makedon dili konuşan ve Makedon edebiyatına katkıda bulunan Makedonlar olduğu yönündedir.

Kaynakça

^ In the announcement by the Miladinov Brothers about the subscription for their collection called , published in Belgrade by Konstantin Miladinov on February 7, 1861 in the Bulgarian newspaper Dunavski Lebed, issue № 20, he wrote: "We started collecting folk songs six years ago from all parts of Western Bulgaria, i.e. Macedonia... as well as from Eastern Bulgaria. These folk songs will be supplemented with traditional rites of betrothal and match-making from Struga and Kukush; proverbs, riddles, legends and about 2,000 words which have become obsolete or differ from other dialects". For more see: D. Kossev et al., Macedonia, documents and materials, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, (in English) Sofia, 1978, p. 48.
^ On 8 January 1861, K. Miladinov wrote to the Bulgarian weakener G. Rakovski to explain his use of the term ‘‘Bulgarian’’ in the title of his and his brother’s collection of Macedonian folk songs: ‘‘In the announcement I called Macedonia West Bulgaria (as it should be called) because in Vienna the Greeks treat us like sheep. They consider Macedonia a Greek land and cannot understand that [Macedonia] is not Greek.’’ Miladinov and other educated Macedonians worried that use of the Macedonian name would imply attachment to or identification with the Greek nation For more see: Andrew Rossos Macedonia and the Macedonians: A History. Hoover Institution Press, 2008, , p. 84.
^ History of the Literary Cultures of East-Central Europe: Junctures and Disjunctures in the 19th and 20th Centuries, Marcel Cornis-Pope, John Neubauer, John Benjamins Publishing, 2004 8 Mayıs 2021 tarihinde Wayback Machine sitesinde arşivlendi., , p. 326.
^ Developing Cultural Identity in the Balkans: Convergence Vs Divergence, Raymond Detrez, Pieter Plas, Peter Lang, 2005 8 Mayıs 2021 tarihinde Wayback Machine sitesinde arşivlendi., , p. 179.
^ Nationalism, Globalization and Orthodoxy: the social origins of ethnic conflict in the Balkans, Victor Roudometof, Greenwood Publishing Group, 2001 8 Mayıs 2021 tarihinde Wayback Machine sitesinde arşivlendi., , p. 144.
^ Language and National Identity in Greece, 1766-1976, Peter Mackridge, Oxford University Press, 2010 8 Mayıs 2021 tarihinde Wayback Machine sitesinde arşivlendi., , p. 189.
^ ^a ^b "The Macedonian Conflict by Loring M. Danforth". 10 Mayıs 2021 tarihinde kaynağından arşivlendi. Erişim tarihi: 8 Mayıs 2021.
^ Миладинова, М. 140 години "Български народни песни" от братя Миладинови. Отзвук и значение. сп. Македонски преглед, 2001, Македонският научен институт, бр. 4, стр. 5-21.
^ "ms0601". www.soros.org.mk. 5 Nisan 2012 tarihinde kaynağından arşivlendi. Erişim tarihi: 18 Mart 2008.
^ Трайков, Н. Братя Миладинови.Преписка.1964 с. 43, 44
^ Freedom Or Death: The Life of Gotsé Delchev, Mercia MacDermott, Pluto Press, 1978 10 Mayıs 2021 tarihinde Wayback Machine sitesinde arşivlendi., , p. 17.
^ Roudometof, Victor (2002). Collective Memory, National Identity, and Ethnic Conflict: Greece, Bulgaria and the Macedonian question. Greenwood Publishing Group. s. 91. ISBN .
^ Петър Динеков. Делото на братя Миладинови.(Българска акдемия на науките, 1961 г.)
^ Петър Динеков, Делото на братя Милядинови. (Българска акдемия на науките, 1961 г.)
^ In their correspondence both brothers self identified as Bulgarians, see: Братя Миладинови – преписка. Издирил, коментирал и редактирал Никола Трайков (Българска академия на науките, Институт за история. Издателство на БАН, София 1964) 10 Ocak 2020 tarihinde Wayback Machine sitesinde arşivlendi.; in English: Miladinov Brothers - Correspondence. Collected, commented and redacted from Nicola Traykov, (Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Historical Institute, Sofia 1964.)
^ Raymond Detrez, Historical Dictionary of Bulgaria, Historical Dictionaries of Europe, Rowman & Littlefield, 2014, , p. 323.
^ Dimitar Miladinov's most famous literary achievement was the publishing of a large collection of Bulgarian folk songs in Zagreb in 1861 under the title Bulgarian Folk Songs. He published the volume with his brother Konstantin (1830-1862) and even though most of the songs were from Macedonia, the authors disliked this term as too Hellenic and preferred to refer to Macedonia as the "Western Bulgarian lands". For more see: Chris Kostov, Contested Ethnic Identity: The Case of Macedonian Immigrants in Toronto, Peter Lang, 2010, , p. 72.
^ Miladinov suggested that Macedonia should be called “Western Bulgaria”. Obviously, he was aware that the classical designation was received via Greek schooling and culture. As the Macedonian histotrian Taskovski claims, the Macedonian Slavs initially rejected the Macedonian designation as Greek. For more see: Tchavdar Marinov, Famous Macedonia, the Land of Alexander: Macedonian identity at the crossroads of Greek, Bulgarian and Serbian nationalism, p. 285; in Entangled Histories of the Balkans - Volume One: National Ideologies and Language Policies with Roumen Daskalov and Tchavdar Marinov as ed., BRILL, 2013, , pp. 273-330.
^ The struggle over the historical legacy of the name “Macedonia” was already under way in the nineteenth century, as the Greeks contested its appropriation by the Slavs. This is reflected in a letter from Konstantin Miladinov, who published Bulgarian folk songs from Macedonia, to , dated 31 January 1861:On my order form I have called Macedonia “Western Bulgaria”, as it should be called, because the Greeks in Vienna are ordering us around like sheep. They want Macedonia to be Greek territory and still do not realize that it cannot be Greek. But what are we to do with the more than two million Bulgarians there? Shall the Bulgarians still be sheep and a few Greeks the shepherds? Those days are gone and the Greeks shall be left with no more than their sweet dream. I believe the songs will be distributed among the Bulgarians, and have therefore set a low price for them. For more see: Spyridon Sfetas, The image of the Greeks in the work of the Bulgarian revolutionary and intellectual Georgi Rakovski. Balkan Studies, [S.l.], v. 42, n. 1, p. 89-107, Jan. 2001. ISSN 2241-1674. Available at: <https://ojs.lib.uom.gr/index.php/BalkanStudies/article/view/3313/3338 31 Mart 2019 tarihinde Wayback Machine sitesinde arşivlendi.>.
^ Historical Dictionary of the Republic of Macedonia, Dimitar Bechev, Scarecrow Press, 2009 10 Mayıs 2021 tarihinde Wayback Machine sitesinde arşivlendi., , p. 149.
^ Contested Ethnic Identity: The Case of Macedonian Immigrants in Toronto; 1900 - 1996, Chris Kostov, Peter Lang, 2010 8 Mayıs 2021 tarihinde Wayback Machine sitesinde arşivlendi., , pp. 93-94.

Dış bağlantılar

Wikimedia Commons'ta Miladinov kardeşler ile ilgili ortam dosyaları bulunmaktadır.

Original edition of 'Bulgar türküleri' 6 Haziran 2017 tarihinde Wayback Machine sitesinde arşivlendi. (Bulgarca)
Full text of "Bulgar türküleri" 13 Mayıs 2021 tarihinde Wayback Machine sitesinde arşivlendi. (Bulgarca)
Konstantin Miladinov'un imzasını taşıyan mektup
Konstantin Miladinov şiiri 18 Kasım 2018 tarihinde Wayback Machine sitesinde arşivlendi. (Bulgarca)
strikga.org resmi sitesi (İngilizce ve Makedonyaca)

[1] In the announcement by the Miladinov Brothers about the subscription for their collection called , published in Belgrade by Konstantin Miladinov on February 7, 1861 in the Bulgarian newspaper Dunavski Lebed, issue № 20, he wrote: "We started collecting folk songs six years ago from all parts of Western Bulgaria, i.e. Macedonia... as well as from Eastern Bulgaria. These folk songs will be supplemented with traditional rites of betrothal and match-making from Struga and Kukush; proverbs, riddles, legends and about 2,000 words which have become obsolete or differ from other dialects". For more see: D. Kossev et al., Macedonia, documents and materials, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, (in English) Sofia, 1978, p. 48.

[2] On 8 January 1861, K. Miladinov wrote to the Bulgarian weakener G. Rakovski to explain his use of the term ‘‘Bulgarian’’ in the title of his and his brother’s collection of Macedonian folk songs: ‘‘In the announcement I called Macedonia West Bulgaria (as it should be called) because in Vienna the Greeks treat us like sheep. They consider Macedonia a Greek land and cannot understand that [Macedonia] is not Greek.’’ Miladinov and other educated Macedonians worried that use of the Macedonian name would imply attachment to or identification with the Greek nation For more see: Andrew Rossos Macedonia and the Macedonians: A History. Hoover Institution Press, 2008, , p. 84.

[3] History of the Literary Cultures of East-Central Europe: Junctures and Disjunctures in the 19th and 20th Centuries, Marcel Cornis-Pope, John Neubauer, John Benjamins Publishing, 2004 8 Mayıs 2021 tarihinde Wayback Machine sitesinde arşivlendi., , p. 326.

[4] Developing Cultural Identity in the Balkans: Convergence Vs Divergence, Raymond Detrez, Pieter Plas, Peter Lang, 2005 8 Mayıs 2021 tarihinde Wayback Machine sitesinde arşivlendi., , p. 179.

[5] Nationalism, Globalization and Orthodoxy: the social origins of ethnic conflict in the Balkans, Victor Roudometof, Greenwood Publishing Group, 2001 8 Mayıs 2021 tarihinde Wayback Machine sitesinde arşivlendi., , p. 144.

[6] Language and National Identity in Greece, 1766-1976, Peter Mackridge, Oxford University Press, 2010 8 Mayıs 2021 tarihinde Wayback Machine sitesinde arşivlendi., , p. 189.

[books.google.com-7] "The Macedonian Conflict by Loring M. Danforth". 10 Mayıs 2021 tarihinde kaynağından arşivlendi. Erişim tarihi: 8 Mayıs 2021.

[8] Миладинова, М. 140 години "Български народни песни" от братя Миладинови. Отзвук и значение. сп. Македонски преглед, 2001, Македонският научен институт, бр. 4, стр. 5-21.

[9] "ms0601". www.soros.org.mk. 5 Nisan 2012 tarihinde kaynağından arşivlendi. Erişim tarihi: 18 Mart 2008.

[10] Трайков, Н. Братя Миладинови.Преписка.1964 с. 43, 44

[11] Freedom Or Death: The Life of Gotsé Delchev, Mercia MacDermott, Pluto Press, 1978 10 Mayıs 2021 tarihinde Wayback Machine sitesinde arşivlendi., , p. 17.

[12] Roudometof, Victor (2002). Collective Memory, National Identity, and Ethnic Conflict: Greece, Bulgaria and the Macedonian question. Greenwood Publishing Group. s. 91. ISBN .

[13] Петър Динеков. Делото на братя Миладинови.(Българска акдемия на науките, 1961 г.)

[14] Петър Динеков, Делото на братя Милядинови. (Българска акдемия на науките, 1961 г.)

[15] In their correspondence both brothers self identified as Bulgarians, see: Братя Миладинови – преписка. Издирил, коментирал и редактирал Никола Трайков (Българска академия на науките, Институт за история. Издателство на БАН, София 1964) 10 Ocak 2020 tarihinde Wayback Machine sitesinde arşivlendi.; in English: Miladinov Brothers - Correspondence. Collected, commented and redacted from Nicola Traykov, (Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Historical Institute, Sofia 1964.)

[16] Raymond Detrez, Historical Dictionary of Bulgaria, Historical Dictionaries of Europe, Rowman & Littlefield, 2014, , p. 323.

[17] Dimitar Miladinov's most famous literary achievement was the publishing of a large collection of Bulgarian folk songs in Zagreb in 1861 under the title Bulgarian Folk Songs. He published the volume with his brother Konstantin (1830-1862) and even though most of the songs were from Macedonia, the authors disliked this term as too Hellenic and preferred to refer to Macedonia as the "Western Bulgarian lands". For more see: Chris Kostov, Contested Ethnic Identity: The Case of Macedonian Immigrants in Toronto, Peter Lang, 2010, , p. 72.

[18] Miladinov suggested that Macedonia should be called “Western Bulgaria”. Obviously, he was aware that the classical designation was received via Greek schooling and culture. As the Macedonian histotrian Taskovski claims, the Macedonian Slavs initially rejected the Macedonian designation as Greek. For more see: Tchavdar Marinov, Famous Macedonia, the Land of Alexander: Macedonian identity at the crossroads of Greek, Bulgarian and Serbian nationalism, p. 285; in Entangled Histories of the Balkans - Volume One: National Ideologies and Language Policies with Roumen Daskalov and Tchavdar Marinov as ed., BRILL, 2013, , pp. 273-330.

[19] The struggle over the historical legacy of the name “Macedonia” was already under way in the nineteenth century, as the Greeks contested its appropriation by the Slavs. This is reflected in a letter from Konstantin Miladinov, who published Bulgarian folk songs from Macedonia, to , dated 31 January 1861:On my order form I have called Macedonia “Western Bulgaria”, as it should be called, because the Greeks in Vienna are ordering us around like sheep. They want Macedonia to be Greek territory and still do not realize that it cannot be Greek. But what are we to do with the more than two million Bulgarians there? Shall the Bulgarians still be sheep and a few Greeks the shepherds? Those days are gone and the Greeks shall be left with no more than their sweet dream. I believe the songs will be distributed among the Bulgarians, and have therefore set a low price for them. For more see: Spyridon Sfetas, The image of the Greeks in the work of the Bulgarian revolutionary and intellectual Georgi Rakovski. Balkan Studies, [S.l.], v. 42, n. 1, p. 89-107, Jan. 2001. ISSN 2241-1674. Available at: <https://ojs.lib.uom.gr/index.php/BalkanStudies/article/view/3313/3338 31 Mart 2019 tarihinde Wayback Machine sitesinde arşivlendi.>.

[20] Historical Dictionary of the Republic of Macedonia, Dimitar Bechev, Scarecrow Press, 2009 10 Mayıs 2021 tarihinde Wayback Machine sitesinde arşivlendi., , p. 149.

[21] Contested Ethnic Identity: The Case of Macedonian Immigrants in Toronto; 1900 - 1996, Chris Kostov, Peter Lang, 2010 8 Mayıs 2021 tarihinde Wayback Machine sitesinde arşivlendi., , pp. 93-94.