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Stigand (ö. 1072), Norman Fethi öncesinde İngiltere'de Canterbury Başpiskoposu olan Anglo-Sakson bir din adamıydı. Doğum tarihi bilinmemekle beraber 1020 yılına gelindiğinde kraliyet papazı ve danışmanı olarak görev yapıyordu. 1043'te Elmham Piskoposu seçildi ve daha sonra Winchester Piskoposu ve Canterbury Başpiskoposu oldu. Stigand, birkaç Anglo-Sakson ve Norman kraliyet hanedanı üyesi olan İngiltere hükümdarının danışmanıydı ve birbiri ardına altı krala hizmet etti. Winchester ve Canterbury'nin piskoposluğunu aynı anda elinde tutma konusundaki çoğulculuğu, kısaca aynı anda iki makamı birden elinde tutması nedeniyle birkaç papa tarafından aforoz edildi. En nihayetinde 1070 yılında tahttan indirildi ve mülklerine ve kişisel servetine Fatih William tarafından el konuldu. Stigand, Winchester'da hapsedildi ve burada öldü.
| Stigand | |
|---|---|
| Canterbury Başpiskoposu | |
 Bayeux İşlemesi'nde Stigand | |
| Atanma | 1052 |
| Dönem bitişi | 11 Nisan 1070 |
| Önce gelen | |
| Sonra gelen | |
| Diğer görevler | |
| Takdis | 1043 |
| Doğum adı | Stigand |
| Ölüm | 1072, tahminen 21 veya 22 Şubat |
| Mezarı | Old Minster, Winchester |
Notlar
Kaynakça
Özel
Genel
- (1970). Edward the Confessor. Berkeley, CA: University of California Press. ISBN .
- (1979). The English Church 1000–1066: A History of the Later Anglo-Saxon Church (Second bas.). New York: Longman. ISBN .
- (1979). The English Church 1066–1154: A History of the Anglo-Norman Church. New York: Longman. ISBN .
- (1988). The Feudal Kingdom of England 1042–1216 (Fourth bas.). New York: Longman. ISBN .
- (2003). The Godwins: The Rise and Fall of a Noble Dynasty. Londra: Pearson/Longman. ISBN .
- (2001). William the Conqueror. Stroud, UK: Tempus. ISBN .
- (2003). An Introduction to Anglo-Saxon England (Third bas.). Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press. ISBN .
- Blumenthal, Uta-Renate (1988). The Investiture Controversy: Church and Monarchy from the Ninth to the Twelfth Century. Philadelphia, PA: University of Pennsylvania Press. ISBN .
- (1984). The Early History of the Church of Canterbury: Christ Church from 597 to 1066. Londra: Leicester University Press. ISBN .
- (1986). Anglo-Norman England 1066–1166. Oxford, UK: Basil Blackwell. ISBN .
- Coredon, Christopher (2007). A Dictionary of Medieval Terms & Phrases (Reprint bas.). Woodbridge, UK: D. S. Brewer. ISBN .
- (2004). "Stigand (d. 1072)". Oxford Dictionary of National Biography. Oxford University Press. doi:10.1093/ref:odnb/26523. Birleşik Krallık Halk Kütüphanesi abonelik veya üyeliği gereklidir
- Darlington, R. R. (July 1936). "Ecclesiastical Reform in the Late Old English Period". . 51 (203): 385-428. doi:10.1093/ehr/LI.CCIII.385. JSTOR 553127.
- (1982). Anglo-Saxon Art, A New Perspective. Manchester, UK: Manchester University Press. ISBN .
- (1964). William the Conqueror: The Norman Impact Upon England. Berkeley, CA: University of California Press. OCLC 399137.
- Fryde, E. B.; Greenway, D. E.; Porter, S.; Roy, I. (1996). Handbook of British Chronology (Third revised bas.). Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press. ISBN .
- (1986). "Coronation and Propaganda: Some Implications of the Norman Claim to the Throne of England in 1066". . Fifth Series. 36: 91-116. doi:10.2307/3679061. JSTOR 3679061.
- Greenway, Diana E. (1971). . Fasti Ecclesiae Anglicanae 1066–1300. 2: Monastic Cathedrals (Northern and Southern Provinces). Institute for Historical Research. 9 Ağustos 2011 tarihinde kaynağından arşivlendi. Erişim tarihi: 23 Haziran 2008.
- (2000). The Death of Anglo-Saxon England. Stroud, UK: Sutton. ISBN .
- Hill, Paul (2005). The Road to Hastings: The Politics of Power in Anglo-Saxon England. Stroud, UK: Tempus. ISBN .
- Huscroft, Richard (2005). Ruling England 1042–1217. Londra: Pearson/Longman. ISBN .
- John, Eric (1996). Reassessing Anglo-Saxon England. Manchester, UK: Manchester University Press. ISBN .
- (1976). The Monastic Order in England: A History of its Development from the Times of St. Dunstan to the Fourth Lateran Council, 940–1216 (Second reprint bas.). Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press. ISBN .
- Lawson, M. K. (2000). Cnut: England's Viking King. Stroud, UK: Tempus. ISBN .
- (2000). The English Church, 940–1154. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Pearson Education. ISBN .
- Mason, Emma (2004). House of Godwine: The History of Dynasty. Londra: Hambledon & London. ISBN .
- Owen-Crocker, Gale R. (2012). "Image Making: Portraits of Anglo-Saxon Church Leaders". Rumble, Alexander R. (Ed.). Leaders of the Anglo-Saxon Church: From Bede to Stigand. Woodbridge, UK: Boydell Press. ss. 109-127. ISBN .
- ; Wallis, Keith (1968). The House of Lords in the Middle Ages: A History of the English House of Lords to 1540. Londra: Weidenfeld and Nicolson. OCLC 463626.
- Rex, Peter (2005). Harold II: The Doomed Saxon King. Stroud, UK: Tempus. ISBN .
- Rumble, Alexander R. (2012). "From Winchester to Canterbury: Ælheah and Stigand – Bishops, Archbishops and Victims". Rumble, Alexander R. (Ed.). Leaders of the Anglo-Saxon Church: From Bede to Stigand. Woodbridge, UK: Boydell. ss. 165-182. ISBN .
- Smith, Mary Frances (1993). "Archbishop Stigand and the Eye of the Needle". Anglo-Norman Studies Volume 16. Woodbridge, UK: Boydell. ss. 199-219. ISBN .
- Smith, Mary Frances; ; Halpin, Patricia (October 2001). "Court and Piety in Late Anglo-Saxon England". The Catholic Historical Review. 87 (4): 569-602. doi:10.1353/cat.2001.0189. JSTOR 25026026.
- (1997). Queen Emma and Queen Edith: Queenship and Women's Power in Eleventh-century England. Cambridge, MA: Blackwell. ISBN .
- (1989). Unification and Conquest: A Political and Social History of England in the Tenth and Eleventh Centuries. Londra: Edward Arnold. ISBN .
- (1971). Anglo-Saxon England (Third bas.). Oxford, UK: Oxford University Press. ISBN .
- Thomas, Hugh (2007). The Norman Conquest: England after William the Conqueror. Critical Issues in History. Lanham, MD: Rowman & Littlefield. ISBN .
- Walker, Ian (2000). Harold the Last Anglo-Saxon King. Gloucestershire, UK: Wrens Park. ISBN .
- (2000). The English and the Norman Conquest. Woodbridge, UK: Boydell. ISBN .
Konuyla ilgili yayınlar
Dış bağlantılar
- 'da Stigand 1
| Katolik Kilisesi unvanları | ||
|---|---|---|
| Önce gelen | 1043 | Sonra gelen |
| Önce gelen | 1044-1047 | Sonra gelen |
| Önce gelen | 1047-1070 | Sonra gelen |
| Önce gelen | Canterbury Başpiskoposu 1052-1070 | Sonra gelen |
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Stigand o 1072 Norman Fethi oncesinde Ingiltere de Canterbury Baspiskoposu olan Anglo Sakson bir din adamiydi Dogum tarihi bilinmemekle beraber 1020 yilina gelindiginde kraliyet papazi ve danismani olarak gorev yapiyordu 1043 te Elmham Piskoposu secildi ve daha sonra Winchester Piskoposu ve Canterbury Baspiskoposu oldu Stigand birkac Anglo Sakson ve Norman kraliyet hanedani uyesi olan Ingiltere hukumdarinin danismaniydi ve birbiri ardina alti krala hizmet etti Winchester ve Canterbury nin piskoposlugunu ayni anda elinde tutma konusundaki cogulculugu kisaca ayni anda iki makami birden elinde tutmasi nedeniyle birkac papa tarafindan aforoz edildi En nihayetinde 1070 yilinda tahttan indirildi ve mulklerine ve kisisel servetine Fatih William tarafindan el konuldu Stigand Winchester da hapsedildi ve burada oldu StigandCanterbury BaspiskoposuBayeux Islemesi nde StigandAtanma1052Donem bitisi11 Nisan 1070Once gelenSonra gelenDiger gorevlerTakdis1043Dogum adiStigandOlum1072 tahminen 21 veya 22 SubatMezariOld Minster WinchesterNotlar Latince StigantusKaynakcaOzel Genel 1970 Edward the Confessor Berkeley CA University of California Press ISBN 0 520 01671 8 1979 The English Church 1000 1066 A History of the Later Anglo Saxon Church Second bas New York Longman ISBN 0 582 49049 9 1979 The English Church 1066 1154 A History of the Anglo Norman Church New York Longman ISBN 0 582 50236 5 1988 The Feudal Kingdom of England 1042 1216 Fourth bas New York Longman ISBN 0 582 49504 0 2003 The Godwins The Rise and Fall of a Noble Dynasty Londra Pearson Longman ISBN 0 582 78440 9 2001 William the Conqueror Stroud UK Tempus ISBN 0 7524 1980 3 2003 An Introduction to Anglo Saxon England Third bas Cambridge UK Cambridge University Press ISBN 0 521 53777 0 Blumenthal Uta Renate 1988 The Investiture Controversy Church and Monarchy from the Ninth to the Twelfth Century Philadelphia PA University of Pennsylvania Press ISBN 0 8122 1386 6 1984 The Early History of the Church of Canterbury Christ Church from 597 to 1066 Londra Leicester University Press ISBN 0 7185 0041 5 1986 Anglo Norman England 1066 1166 Oxford UK Basil Blackwell ISBN 0 631 15439 6 Coredon Christopher 2007 A Dictionary of Medieval Terms amp Phrases Reprint bas Woodbridge UK D S Brewer ISBN 978 1 84384 138 8 2004 Stigand d 1072 Oxford Dictionary of National Biography Oxford University Press doi 10 1093 ref odnb 26523 Birlesik Krallik Halk Kutuphanesi abonelik veya uyeligi gereklidir Darlington R R July 1936 Ecclesiastical Reform in the Late Old English Period 51 203 385 428 doi 10 1093 ehr LI CCIII 385 JSTOR 553127 1982 Anglo Saxon Art A New Perspective Manchester UK Manchester University Press ISBN 0 7190 0926 X 1964 William the Conqueror The Norman Impact Upon England Berkeley CA University of California Press OCLC 399137 Fryde E B Greenway D E Porter S Roy I 1996 Handbook of British Chronology Third revised bas Cambridge UK Cambridge University Press ISBN 0 521 56350 X 1986 Coronation and Propaganda Some Implications of the Norman Claim to the Throne of England in 1066 Fifth Series 36 91 116 doi 10 2307 3679061 JSTOR 3679061 Greenway Diana E 1971 Fasti Ecclesiae Anglicanae 1066 1300 2 Monastic Cathedrals Northern and Southern Provinces Institute for Historical Research 9 Agustos 2011 tarihinde kaynagindan arsivlendi Erisim tarihi 23 Haziran 2008 2000 The Death of Anglo Saxon England Stroud UK Sutton ISBN 0 7509 2469 1 Hill Paul 2005 The Road to Hastings The Politics of Power in Anglo Saxon England Stroud UK Tempus ISBN 0 7524 3308 3 Huscroft Richard 2005 Ruling England 1042 1217 Londra Pearson Longman ISBN 0 582 84882 2 John Eric 1996 Reassessing Anglo Saxon England Manchester UK Manchester University Press ISBN 0 7190 5053 7 1976 The Monastic Order in England A History of its Development from the Times of St Dunstan to the Fourth Lateran Council 940 1216 Second reprint bas Cambridge UK Cambridge University Press ISBN 0 521 05479 6 Lawson M K 2000 Cnut England s Viking King Stroud UK Tempus ISBN 0 7524 2964 7 2000 The English Church 940 1154 Upper Saddle River NJ Pearson Education ISBN 0 582 30303 6 Mason Emma 2004 House of Godwine The History of Dynasty Londra Hambledon amp London ISBN 1 85285 389 1 Owen Crocker Gale R 2012 Image Making Portraits of Anglo Saxon Church Leaders Rumble Alexander R Ed Leaders of the Anglo Saxon Church From Bede to Stigand Woodbridge UK Boydell Press ss 109 127 ISBN 978 1 84383 700 8 Wallis Keith 1968 The House of Lords in the Middle Ages A History of the English House of Lords to 1540 Londra Weidenfeld and Nicolson OCLC 463626 Rex Peter 2005 Harold II The Doomed Saxon King Stroud UK Tempus ISBN 978 0 7394 7185 2 Rumble Alexander R 2012 From Winchester to Canterbury AElheah and Stigand Bishops Archbishops and Victims Rumble Alexander R Ed Leaders of the Anglo Saxon Church From Bede to Stigand Woodbridge UK Boydell ss 165 182 ISBN 978 1 84383 700 8 Smith Mary Frances 1993 Archbishop Stigand and the Eye of the Needle Anglo Norman Studies Volume 16 Woodbridge UK Boydell ss 199 219 ISBN 0 85115 366 6 Smith Mary Frances Halpin Patricia October 2001 Court and Piety in Late Anglo Saxon England The Catholic Historical Review 87 4 569 602 doi 10 1353 cat 2001 0189 JSTOR 25026026 1997 Queen Emma and Queen Edith Queenship and Women s Power in Eleventh century England Cambridge MA Blackwell ISBN 0 631 22738 5 1989 Unification and Conquest A Political and Social History of England in the Tenth and Eleventh Centuries Londra Edward Arnold ISBN 0 7131 6532 4 1971 Anglo Saxon England Third bas Oxford UK Oxford University Press ISBN 978 0 19 280139 5 Thomas Hugh 2007 The Norman Conquest England after William the Conqueror Critical Issues in History Lanham MD Rowman amp Littlefield ISBN 978 0 7425 3840 5 Walker Ian 2000 Harold the Last Anglo Saxon King Gloucestershire UK Wrens Park ISBN 0 905778 46 4 2000 The English and the Norman Conquest Woodbridge UK Boydell ISBN 0 85115 708 4 Konuyla ilgili yayinlar October 1958 Two Notes Cnut s Second Pilgrimage and Queen Emma s Disgrace in 1043 73 289 649 656 doi 10 1093 ehr LXXIII 289 649 JSTOR 557268 John Eric April 1979 Edward the Confessor and the Norman Succession 96 371 241 267 doi 10 1093 ehr XCIV CCCLXXI 241 JSTOR 566846 Dis baglantilar da Stigand 1Katolik Kilisesi unvanlariOnce gelen 1043 Sonra gelenOnce gelen 1044 1047 Sonra gelenOnce gelen 1047 1070 Sonra gelenOnce gelen Canterbury Baspiskoposu 1052 1070 Sonra gelen