Aleksitimi ya da duygu körlüğü duyguları tanımlama ve açıklama konusunda subklinik yetersizlik ile karakterize o

Aleksitimi ya da duygu körlüğü, duyguları tanımlama ve açıklama konusunda subklinik yetersizlik ile karakterize olan bir kişilik oluşumudur. Aleksitiminin temel özellikleri; duygusal farkındalıkta, sosyal bağlılıkta ve kişilerarası ilişkilerde bozukluk olarak sıralanabilir. Ayrıca yüksek düzeyde aleksitimili bireyler başkalarının duygularını anlamada ve empati kurmakta zorluk yaşamakta ve duygusal yanıt vermekte yetersiz kalmaktadırlar.

Yüksek düzeyde aleksitimi genel nüfusun yaklaşık % 10'unda görülmektedir ve herhangi bir nörogelişimsel bozukluğun yanı sıra bazı psikiyatrik hastalıklarla birlikte görülebilir. Kültürel erkeksilik kavramlarına uyan erkeklerde (örneğin üzüntünün kadınsı bir duygu olduğunu düşünmek gibi) duygularını tanımı ve ifade etme güçlüğü subklinik düzeylerde ortaya çıkar. Buna bazı araştırmacılar tarafından normatif erkek aleksitimisi denir. Bunula birlikte, hem aleksitiminin kendisi hem de geleneksel erkeksilik normlarıyla ilişkisi cinsiyetler arasında tutarlıdır.

Aleksitimi terimi 1973 yılında psikoterapist Peter Sifneos tarafından ortaya atılmıştır. Kelime; Eski Yunanca'dan αλέξω (Alexo, "kovmak") ve θυμός (thumos, "ruh, duygu, düşünce") köklerinden oluşmakta ve "duyguyu kovmak" anlamına gelmektedir.

Birlikte görülen medikal ve psikiyatrik hastalıklar

Aleksitimi ile birlikte gözlemlenen pek çok psikiyatrik bozukluk vardır. Bir çalışmada, post travmatik stres bozukluğu olan Vietnam Savaşı gazilerinin %41'i aleksitimik bulunmuştur. Diğer bir çalışmada bulunan prevalans bulguları ise şöyledir; bulimia için % 56; 45% - 50%majör depresif bozukluk; % 63 anoreksiya nervoza; % 34 panik bozukluk, % 28 sosyal fobi ve % 50 madde bağımlılığı. Aleksitimi ayrıca edinsel veya travmatik beyin hasarı olan bireylerde de görülür.

Kaynakça

Özel

^ Sifneos PE. The prevalence of 'alexithymic' characteristics in psychosomatic patients. Psychotherapy and psychosomatics, 22 (2):255-262, 1973
^ Oriel FeldmanHall, Tim Dalgleish, Dean Mobbs: Alexithymia decreases altruism in real social decisions, Cortex 929 Available online 6 November 2012, In Press, Accepted Manuscript http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cortex.2012.10.015 PII: S0010-9452(12)00317-6
^ Taylor GJ, Bagby, M.R., Parker, J.D.A. Disorders of Affect Regulation: Alexithymia in Medical and Psychiatric Illness. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1999
^ Karren, Keith (2014). Mind/body health: The effects of attitudes, emotions, and relationships. Boston, MA: Pearson. s. 68. ISBN .
^ Karakis, Emily N.; Levant, Ronald F. (1 Eylül 2012). "Is Normative Male Alexithymia Associated with Relationship Satisfaction, Fear of Intimacy and Communication Quality Among Men in Relationships?". The Journal of Men's Studies. 20 (3): 179-186. doi:10.3149/jms.2003.179. ISSN 1060-8265. ^[]
^ Bar-On, Reuven (2000). The Handbook of Emotional Intelligence: Theory, Development, Assessment, and Application at Home, School, and in the Workplace. San Francisco, California: Jossey-Bass. ISBN . pp. 40–59
^ Taylor GJ & Taylor HS (1997). Alexithymia. In M. McCallum & W.E. Piper (Eds.) Psychological mindedness: A contemporary understanding. Munich: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates pp. 28–31
^ Shipko S, Alvarez WA, Noviello N (1983). "Towards a teleological model of alexithymia: alexithymia and post-traumatic stress disorder". Psychotherapy and psychosomatics. 39 (2). ss. 122-6. doi:10.1159/000287730. (PMID) 6878595.
^ ^a ^b Cochrane CE, Brewerton TD, Wilson DB, Hodges EL (1993). "Alexithymia in the eating disorders". The International Journal of Eating Disorders. 14 (2). ss. 219-22. doi:10.1002/1098-108X(199309)14:23.0.CO;2-G. (PMID) 8401555.
^ ^a ^b Koponen S, Taiminen T, Honkalampi K; ve diğerleri. (2005). "Alexithymia after traumatic brain injury: its relation to magnetic resonance imaging findings and psychiatric disorders". Psychosom Med. 67 (5). ss. 807-12. doi:10.1097/01.psy.0000181278.92249.e5. (PMID) 16204442.
^ The Relationship between Alexithymia and General Symptoms of Patients with Depressive Disorders. Kim JH, Lee SJ, Rim HD, Kim HW, Bae GY, Chang SM. Psychiatry Investig. 2008 Sep; 5(3):179-85. Epub 2008 Sep 30. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2796028/ 10 Nisan 2021 tarihinde Wayback Machine sitesinde .
^ ^a ^b Cox BJ, Swinson RP, Shulman ID, Bourdeau D (1995). "Alexithymia in panic disorder and social phobia". Comprehensive Psychiatry. 36 (3). ss. 195-8. doi:10.1016/0010-440X(95)90081-6. (PMID) 7648842.
^ Taylor GJ, Parker JD, Bagby RM (1990). "A preliminary investigation of alexithymia in men with psychoactive substance dependence". The American Journal of Psychiatry. 147 (9). ss. 1228-30. (PMID) 2386256.
^ Williams C, Wood RL (Mart 2010). "Alexithymia and emotional empathy following traumatic brain injury". J Clin Exp Neuropsychol. 32 (3). ss. 259-67. doi:10.1080/13803390902976940. (PMID) 19548166.
^ Becerra R, Amos A, Jongenelis S (Temmuz 2002). "Organic alexithymia: a study of acquired emotional blindness". Brain Inj. 16 (7). ss. 633-45. doi:10.1080/02699050110119817. (PMID) 12119081.

Genel

Krystal, H (1988). Integration and Self Healing: Affect, Trauma, Alexithymia. Hillsdale, NJ: The Analytic Press. ISBN .
Linden W, Wen F, Paulhaus DL (1994). Measuring alexithymia: reliability, validity, and prevalence. In: J. Butcher, C. Spielberger (Eds.). Advances in Personality Assessment. Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.
McDougall, J (1989). Theaters of the Body: A Psychoanalytic Approach to Psychosomatic Illness, Norton.
McDougall, J (1985). Theatres of the Mind: Truth and Illusion on the Psychoanalytic Stage. New York: Basic Books. ISBN .
Nemiah JC, Freyberger H, Sifneos PE, "Alexithymia: A View of the Psychosomatic Process" in O.W. Hill (1970) (ed), Modern Trends in Psychosomatic Medicine, Vol 2.
Taylor, Graeme J (1997). Disorders of Affect Regulation: Alexithymia in Medical and Psychiatric Illness. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. ISBN .

Dış bağlantılar

Online alexithymia questionnaire^[],Open Directory Project,
Alexithymia depot^[], Open Directory Project

[1] Sifneos PE. The prevalence of 'alexithymic' characteristics in psychosomatic patients. Psychotherapy and psychosomatics, 22 (2):255-262, 1973

[Feldman-2] Oriel FeldmanHall, Tim Dalgleish, Dean Mobbs: Alexithymia decreases altruism in real social decisions, Cortex 929 Available online 6 November 2012, In Press, Accepted Manuscript http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cortex.2012.10.015 PII: S0010-9452(12)00317-6

[3] Taylor GJ, Bagby, M.R., Parker, J.D.A. Disorders of Affect Regulation: Alexithymia in Medical and Psychiatric Illness. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1999

[4] Karren, Keith (2014). Mind/body health: The effects of attitudes, emotions, and relationships. Boston, MA: Pearson. s. 68. ISBN .

[5] Karakis, Emily N.; Levant, Ronald F. (1 Eylül 2012). "Is Normative Male Alexithymia Associated with Relationship Satisfaction, Fear of Intimacy and Communication Quality Among Men in Relationships?". The Journal of Men's Studies. 20 (3): 179-186. doi:10.3149/jms.2003.179. ISSN 1060-8265. ^[]

[Bar-On-6] Bar-On, Reuven (2000). The Handbook of Emotional Intelligence: Theory, Development, Assessment, and Application at Home, School, and in the Workplace. San Francisco, California: Jossey-Bass. ISBN . pp. 40–59

[Taylor2831-7] Taylor GJ & Taylor HS (1997). Alexithymia. In M. McCallum & W.E. Piper (Eds.) Psychological mindedness: A contemporary understanding. Munich: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates pp. 28–31

[8] Shipko S, Alvarez WA, Noviello N (1983). "Towards a teleological model of alexithymia: alexithymia and post-traumatic stress disorder". Psychotherapy and psychosomatics. 39 (2). ss. 122-6. doi:10.1159/000287730. (PMID) 6878595.

[Cochrane-9] Cochrane CE, Brewerton TD, Wilson DB, Hodges EL (1993). "Alexithymia in the eating disorders". The International Journal of Eating Disorders. 14 (2). ss. 219-22. doi:10.1002/1098-108X(199309)14:23.0.CO;2-G. (PMID) 8401555.

[Honkalampi-10] Koponen S, Taiminen T, Honkalampi K; ve diğerleri. (2005). "Alexithymia after traumatic brain injury: its relation to magnetic resonance imaging findings and psychiatric disorders". Psychosom Med. 67 (5). ss. 807-12. doi:10.1097/01.psy.0000181278.92249.e5. (PMID) 16204442.

[11] The Relationship between Alexithymia and General Symptoms of Patients with Depressive Disorders. Kim JH, Lee SJ, Rim HD, Kim HW, Bae GY, Chang SM. Psychiatry Investig. 2008 Sep; 5(3):179-85. Epub 2008 Sep 30. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2796028/ 10 Nisan 2021 tarihinde Wayback Machine sitesinde .

[Cox-12] Cox BJ, Swinson RP, Shulman ID, Bourdeau D (1995). "Alexithymia in panic disorder and social phobia". Comprehensive Psychiatry. 36 (3). ss. 195-8. doi:10.1016/0010-440X(95)90081-6. (PMID) 7648842.

[13] Taylor GJ, Parker JD, Bagby RM (1990). "A preliminary investigation of alexithymia in men with psychoactive substance dependence". The American Journal of Psychiatry. 147 (9). ss. 1228-30. (PMID) 2386256.

[14] Williams C, Wood RL (Mart 2010). "Alexithymia and emotional empathy following traumatic brain injury". J Clin Exp Neuropsychol. 32 (3). ss. 259-67. doi:10.1080/13803390902976940. (PMID) 19548166.

[15] Becerra R, Amos A, Jongenelis S (Temmuz 2002). "Organic alexithymia: a study of acquired emotional blindness". Brain Inj. 16 (7). ss. 633-45. doi:10.1080/02699050110119817. (PMID) 12119081.