I. Manuil Komninos (Yunanca: Μανουήλ Α' ο Κομνηνός; 28 Kasım 1118 - 24 Eylül 1180), 1143-1180 yılları arasında tahtta kalan Bizans imparatorudur.
I. Manuil Komninos | |
---|---|
Bizans İmparatoru | |
Hüküm süresi | 1143 - 1180 |
Önce gelen | II. İoannis |
Sonra gelen | II. Aleksios |
Doğum | 28 Kasım 1118 |
Ölüm | 24 Eylül 1180 |
Eş(ler)i | Sulzbachlı Bertha Antakyalı Maria |
Babası | II. İoannis |
Annesi | Macaristanlı İrini |
Aile
II. İoannis ile Macaristanlı İrini'nin en küçük oğlu olan Manuil, AIMA kehaneti gereği iki gayrı meşru çocuğuna Aleksios ismi verdi. En sonunda ikinci evliliğinden olan meşru çocuğu Aleksios'a da bu ismi verdi.
Manuil'in iki karısı vardı. İlk evliliği, 1146 yılında, Sulzbachlı Bertha ileydi (Alman kralı III. Konrad'ın karısının kızkardeşi). 1159 yılında öldü. Çocukları:
- Maria Komnini (1152–1182), Montferratlı Renier ile evlendi.
- Anna Komnini (1154–1158).
Manuil'in ikinci evliliği Antakyalı Maria (lakabı Xene), 1161 yılında, ileydi (Antakyalı Raymond ile Antakyalı Konstans'ın kızı). Çocukları:
- II. Aleksios, 1180 yılında imparator oldu.
Manuil'in ayrıca birçok gayrı meşru çocuğu vardır:
Theodora Vatatzina'dan:
- Aleksios Komninos (Erken 1160larda doğmuştur), "sebastokratōr" unvanı almıştır. I. Andronikos'un gayrı meşru çocuğu İrini Komnini ile evlenmiştir. 1183-1184 yıllarında kayınpederi tarafından kör edilmiştir. En azından 1191 yılına kadar yaşamıştır.
Maria Taronitissa, protovestiarios İoannis Komninos'un karısı, meşru çocukları Kudüs Kralının karısı Maria Komnini'dir.
- Aleksios Komninos, 1184'te Konstantinopolis'e yapılan Norman istilasının ve 1185 Selanik kuşatmasının göstermelik yöneticisi.
Diğer aşıklarından:
- Bir kız, ismi günümüze ulaşmamıştır. Yaklaşık 1150 yılında doğmuştur. 1170'ten önce Theodore Maurozomes ile evlenmiştir. Oğlu, Manuil Maurozomes'tir ve soyundan gelenlerin bazıları Selçuklu Hanedanı da yönetici olmuştur.
- Bir kız, ismi günümüze ulaşmamıştır. Yaklaşık 1155 yılında doğmuştur. Yazar 'in anne tarafından büyük annesidir.
Kaynakça
- Özel
- ^ Garland-Stone, Bertha-Irene of Sulzbach, first wife of Manuel I Comnenus 3 Eylül 2017 tarihinde Wayback Machine sitesinde .
- ^ K. Varzos, Genealogy of the Komnenian Dynasty, 155
- ^ Každan-Epstein, Change in Byzantine Culture, 102
- ^ C.M. Brand, The Turkish Element in Byzantium, 1–25
* P. Magdalino, The Empire of Manuel I Komnenos, 98 - ^ K. Varzos, Genealogy of the Komnenian Dynasty, 157a
- Genel
Birincil Kaynaklar
- Choniates, Nicetas, O City of Byzantium, Annals of Niketas Choniates. Trans. Harry J. Magoulias. Wayne State University Press, 1984.
- Cinammus, John, Deeds of John and Manuel Comnenus, trans. Charles M. Brand. Columbia University Press, 1976.
- Komnini (Comnena), Anna; Edgar Robert Ashton Sewter (1969). "XLVIII-The First Crusade". The Alexiad of Anna Comnena translated by Edgar Robert Ashton Sewter. Penguin Classics. ISBN .
- (c. 1208). Account of the Fourth Crusade10 Mayıs 2017 tarihinde Wayback Machine sitesinde ..
- Surlu Vilyam, Historia Rerum In Partibus Transmarinis Gestarum (A History of Deeds Done Beyond the Sea), translated by E. A. Babock and A. C. Krey (Columbia University Press, 1943). See the original text in the .
Birincil Kaynaklar
- Abbé Guettée (1866). "Chapter VII". . 27 Ekim 2009 tarihinde kaynağından arşivlendi.
- Angold, Michael (1995). "Church and Politics under Manuel I Komnenos". Church and Society in Byzantium Under the Comneni, 1081–1261. Cambridge University Press. ISBN .
- Angold, Michael (1997). The Byzantine Empire, 1025–1204. Longman. ISBN .
- Birkenmeier, John W. (2002). "The Campaigns of Manuel I Komnenos". The Development of the Komnenian Army: 1081–1180. Brill Academic Publishers. ISBN .
- Bradbury, Jim (2006). "Military events". The Routledge Companion to Medieval Warfare. Read Country Books. ISBN .
- Brand, Charles M. (1989). "The Turkish Element in Byzantium, Eleventh-Twelfth Centuries". Dumbarton Oaks Papers. Dumbarton Oaks, Trustees for Harvard University. 43: 1-25. doi:10.2307/1291603. JSTOR 1291603.
- Brooke, Zachary Nugent (2004). "East and West: 1155–1198". A History of Europe, from 911 to 1198. Routledge (UK). ISBN .
- "Byzantium". Papyros-Larousse-Britannica (Volume XIII) (Yunanca). 2006. ISBN .
- Day, Gerald. W. (June 1977). "Manuel and the Genoese: A Reappraisal of Byzantine Commercial Policy in the Late Twelfth Century". The Journal of Economic History. 37 (2): 289-301. doi:10.1017/S0022050700096947.
- Duggan, Anne J. (2003). "The Pope and the Princes". Adrian IV, the English Pope, 1154–1159: Studies and Texts edited by Brenda Bolton and Anne J. Duggan. Ashgate Publishing, Ltd. ISBN .
- Garland, Lynda, Stone, Andrew. "Bertha-Irene of Sulzbach, first wife of Manuel I Comnenus". Online Encyclopedia of Roman Emperors. 3 Eylül 2017 tarihinde kaynağından . Erişim tarihi: 5 Şubat 2007.
- Gibbon, Edward (1995). "XLVIII: The Decline and Fall". The History of the Decline and Fall of the Roman Empire (Volume III). Penguin Classics. ISBN .
- Haldon, John (2001), The Byzantine Wars, Stroud: Tempus, ISBN
- Hamilton, Bernard (2003). "William of Tyre and the Byzantine Empire". Porphyrogenita: : Essays on the History and Literature of Byzantium and the Latin East in Honor of Julian Chrysostomides, edited by Charalambos Dendrinos, Jonathan Harris, Eirene Harvalia-Crook and Judith Herrin. Ashgate Publishing, Ltd. ISBN .
- Hanson, Graig L. (2003). "Manuel I Komnenos and the "God of Muhammad": A Study in Byzantine Ecclesiastical Politics". Medieval Christian Perceptions of Islam: A Book of Essays edited by John Tolan. Routledge. ISBN .
- Harris, Jonathan, Byzantium and the Crusades, Bloomsbury, 2nd ed., 2014.
- Harris, Jonathan and Tolstoy, Dmitri, 'Alexander III and Byzantium', in Alexander III (1159–81: The Art of Survival, ed. P. Clarke and A. Duggan, Ashgate, 2012, pp. 301–13.
- Harris, Jonathan (2017). Constantinople: Capital of Byzantium (İngilizce). Bloomsbury Publishing. ISBN .
- Heath, Ian (1995). Byzantine Armies 1118–1461 AD (Illustrated by Angus McBride). Osprey Publishing. ISBN .
- Hillenbrand, Carole (2003). "The Imprisonment of Raynald of Châtillon". Texts, Documents, and Artefacts: Islamic Studies in Honour of D. S. (Donald Sidney) Richards edited by Chase F. Robinson. Brill Academic Publishers. ISBN .
- Jeffreys, Elizabeth; Jeffreys Michael (2001). (PDF). The Crusades from the Perspective of Byzantium and the Muslim World edited by Angeliki E. Laiou and Roy Parviz Mottahedeh. Dumbarton Oaks Research Library and Collection. ISBN . 10 Mayıs 2017 tarihinde kaynağından (PDF) arşivlendi.
- Každan, Alexander P.; Epstein, Ann Wharton (1990). "Popular and Aristocratic Popular Trends". Change in Byzantine Culture in the Eleventh and Twelfth Centuries. University of California Press. ISBN .
- Kurtz, Johann Heinrich (1860). "Dogmatic Controversies, 12th and 14th Centuries". History of the Christian Church to the Reformation. T. & T. Clark. ISBN .
- . . 2 Şubat 2007 tarihinde kaynağından arşivlendi. Erişim tarihi: 5 Şubat 2007.
- (2005). "The Decline of the Latin Kingdom of Jerusalem and the Third Crusade". The New Concise History of the Crusades. Rowman & Littlefield. ISBN .
- Magdalino, Paul (2004). "The Byzantine Empire (1118–1204)". ; (Ed.). The New Cambridge Medieval History, Volume 4, c.1024–c.1198, Part 1 (İngilizce). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. ss. 611–643. ISBN .
- Magdalino, Paul (2002). "The Medieval Empire (780–1204)". The Oxford History of Byzantium By Cyril A. Mango. Oxford University Press. ISBN .
- Mayer, Hans (2004). "The Latin East, 1098–1205". ; (Ed.). The New Cambridge Medieval History, Volume 4, c.1024–c.1198, Part 1 (İngilizce). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. ss. 644–674. ISBN .
- (1963). Muir's Historical Atlas (6 bas.). Londra: George Philip & Son.
- Nicol, Donald M. (1988). "The Parting of the Ways". Byzantium and Venice: A Study in Diplomatic and Cultural Relations (İngilizce). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. ISBN .
- Norwich, John Julius (1998). A Short History of Byzantium. Penguin. ISBN .
- Norwich, John J. (1995). Byzantium: The Decline and Fall. Alfred A. Knopf, Inc. ISBN .
- Obolensky, Dimitri (1971). The Byzantine Commonwealth: Eastern Europe 500–1453. Londra: Weidenfeld and Nicolson. ISBN .
- ; Karolidis, Pavlos (1925). History of the Hellenic Nation (Yunanca). Db. Atina: Eleftheroudakis..
- (2003) [1999]. The Templars (translated in Greek by G. Kousounelou). Enalios. ISBN .
- Rogers, Clifford J. (2010). The Oxford Encyclopedia of Medieval Warfare and Military Technology: Vol. 1. Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN .
- Rogers, Randal (1997). "The Capture of the Palestinian Coast". Latin Siege Warfare in the Twelfth Century. Oxford University Press. ISBN .
- Treadgold, Warren (1997). A History of the Byzantine State and Society (İngilizce). Stanford, Kaliforniya: Stanford University Press. ISBN .
- Sedlar, Jean W. (1994). "Foreign Affairs". East Central Europe in the Middle Ages, 1000–1500. University of Washington Press. ISBN .
- Stone, Darwell, (1909) A History of the Doctrine of the Holy Eucharist, Vol. 1, Longmans, Green & Co., London (reprinted Wipf & Stock, Eugene, Oregon, 2006).
- Stone, Andrew. "Manuel I Comnenus (A.D. 1143–1180)". Online Encyclopedia of Roman Emperors. 5 Ekim 2003 tarihinde kaynağından . Erişim tarihi: 5 Şubat 2007.
- (1928–1935). "Byzantium and the Crusades". History of the Byzantine Empire. ISBN .
- Zeitler, Barbara (1994). "Cross-cultural Interpretations of Imagery in the Middle Ages". The Art Bulletin. 76 (4): 680-694. doi:10.2307/3046063. JSTOR 3046063.
Konuyla ilgili yayınlar
Dış bağlantılar
Wikimedia Commons'ta Manuel I Komnenos ile ilgili ortam dosyaları bulunmaktadır. |
- Manuel coinage25 Mart 2017 tarihinde Wayback Machine sitesinde .
Resmî unvanlar | ||
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Önce gelen: II. İoannis | Bizans İmparatoru 1143–1180 | Sonra gelen: II. Aleksios |
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I Manuil Komninos Yunanca Manoyhl A o Komnhnos 28 Kasim 1118 24 Eylul 1180 1143 1180 yillari arasinda tahtta kalan Bizans imparatorudur I Manuil KomninosBizans ImparatoruHukum suresi1143 1180Once gelenII IoannisSonra gelenII AleksiosDogum28 Kasim 1118Olum24 Eylul 1180Es ler iSulzbachli Bertha Antakyali MariaBabasiII IoannisAnnesiMacaristanli IriniIkinci Hacli Seferi nin Konstantinopolis e dayanmasi Jean Fouquet in calismasi 15 yyMiryokefelon Gecidi ndeki Turk pususu Fransiz resimci Gustave Dore un cizimiManuil doneminden kalma bir Bizans sikkesinin bir yuzunde Isa solda diger yuzunde de Manuil in tasviri sagda AileII Ioannis ile Macaristanli Irini nin en kucuk oglu olan Manuil AIMA kehaneti geregi iki gayri mesru cocuguna Aleksios ismi verdi En sonunda ikinci evliliginden olan mesru cocugu Aleksios a da bu ismi verdi Manuil in iki karisi vardi Ilk evliligi 1146 yilinda Sulzbachli Bertha ileydi Alman krali III Konrad in karisinin kizkardesi 1159 yilinda oldu Cocuklari Maria Komnini 1152 1182 Montferratli Renier ile evlendi Anna Komnini 1154 1158 Manuil in ikinci evliligi Antakyali Maria lakabi Xene 1161 yilinda ileydi Antakyali Raymond ile Antakyali Konstans in kizi Cocuklari II Aleksios 1180 yilinda imparator oldu Manuil in ayrica bircok gayri mesru cocugu vardir Theodora Vatatzina dan Aleksios Komninos Erken 1160larda dogmustur sebastokratōr unvani almistir I Andronikos un gayri mesru cocugu Irini Komnini ile evlenmistir 1183 1184 yillarinda kayinpederi tarafindan kor edilmistir En azindan 1191 yilina kadar yasamistir Maria Taronitissa protovestiarios Ioannis Komninos un karisi mesru cocuklari Kudus Kralinin karisi Maria Komnini dir Aleksios Komninos 1184 te Konstantinopolis e yapilan Norman istilasinin ve 1185 Selanik kusatmasinin gostermelik yoneticisi Diger asiklarindan Bir kiz ismi gunumuze ulasmamistir Yaklasik 1150 yilinda dogmustur 1170 ten once Theodore Maurozomes ile evlenmistir Oglu Manuil Maurozomes tir ve soyundan gelenlerin bazilari Selcuklu Hanedani da yonetici olmustur Bir kiz ismi gunumuze ulasmamistir Yaklasik 1155 yilinda dogmustur Yazar in anne tarafindan buyuk annesidir KaynakcaOzel Garland Stone Bertha Irene of Sulzbach first wife of Manuel I Comnenus 3 Eylul 2017 tarihinde Wayback Machine sitesinde K Varzos Genealogy of the Komnenian Dynasty 155 Kazdan Epstein Change in Byzantine Culture 102 C M Brand The Turkish Element in Byzantium 1 25 P Magdalino The Empire of Manuel I Komnenos 98 K Varzos Genealogy of the Komnenian Dynasty 157a GenelBirincil Kaynaklar Choniates Nicetas O City of Byzantium Annals of Niketas Choniates Trans Harry J Magoulias Wayne State University Press 1984 Cinammus John Deeds of John and Manuel Comnenus trans Charles M Brand Columbia University Press 1976 Komnini Comnena Anna Edgar Robert Ashton Sewter 1969 XLVIII The First Crusade The Alexiad of Anna Comnena translated by Edgar Robert Ashton Sewter Penguin Classics ISBN 0 14 044215 4 c 1208 Account of the Fourth Crusade10 Mayis 2017 tarihinde Wayback Machine sitesinde Surlu Vilyam Historia Rerum In Partibus Transmarinis Gestarum A History of Deeds Done Beyond the Sea translated by E A Babock and A C Krey Columbia University Press 1943 See the original text in the Birincil Kaynaklar Abbe Guettee 1866 Chapter VII 27 Ekim 2009 tarihinde kaynagindan arsivlendi Angold Michael 1995 Church and Politics under Manuel I Komnenos Church and Society in Byzantium Under the Comneni 1081 1261 Cambridge University Press ISBN 0 521 26432 4 Angold Michael 1997 The Byzantine Empire 1025 1204 Longman ISBN 0 582 29468 1 Birkenmeier John W 2002 The Campaigns of Manuel I Komnenos The Development of the Komnenian Army 1081 1180 Brill Academic Publishers ISBN 90 04 11710 5 Bradbury Jim 2006 Military events The Routledge Companion to Medieval Warfare Read Country Books ISBN 1 84664 983 8 Brand Charles M 1989 The Turkish Element in Byzantium Eleventh Twelfth Centuries Dumbarton Oaks Papers Dumbarton Oaks Trustees for Harvard University 43 1 25 doi 10 2307 1291603 JSTOR 1291603 Brooke Zachary Nugent 2004 East and West 1155 1198 A History of Europe from 911 to 1198 Routledge UK ISBN 0 415 22126 9 Byzantium Papyros Larousse Britannica Volume XIII Yunanca 2006 ISBN 960 8322 84 7 Day Gerald W June 1977 Manuel and the Genoese A Reappraisal of Byzantine Commercial Policy in the Late Twelfth Century The Journal of Economic History 37 2 289 301 doi 10 1017 S0022050700096947 Duggan Anne J 2003 The Pope and the Princes Adrian IV the English Pope 1154 1159 Studies and Texts edited by Brenda Bolton and Anne J Duggan Ashgate Publishing Ltd ISBN 0 7546 0708 9 Garland Lynda Stone Andrew Bertha Irene of Sulzbach first wife of Manuel I Comnenus Online Encyclopedia of Roman Emperors 3 Eylul 2017 tarihinde kaynagindan Erisim tarihi 5 Subat 2007 Gibbon Edward 1995 XLVIII The Decline and Fall The History of the Decline and Fall of the Roman Empire Volume III Penguin Classics ISBN 0 14 043395 3 Haldon John 2001 The Byzantine Wars Stroud Tempus ISBN 0 7524 1777 0 Hamilton Bernard 2003 William of Tyre and the Byzantine Empire Porphyrogenita Essays on the History and Literature of Byzantium and the Latin East in Honor of Julian Chrysostomides edited by Charalambos Dendrinos Jonathan Harris Eirene Harvalia Crook and Judith Herrin Ashgate Publishing Ltd ISBN 0 7546 3696 8 Hanson Graig L 2003 Manuel I Komnenos and the God of Muhammad A Study in Byzantine Ecclesiastical Politics Medieval Christian Perceptions of Islam A Book of Essays edited by John Tolan Routledge ISBN 0 415 92892 3 Harris Jonathan Byzantium and the Crusades Bloomsbury 2nd ed 2014 978 1 78093 767 0 Harris Jonathan and Tolstoy Dmitri Alexander III and Byzantium in Alexander III 1159 81 The Art of Survival ed P Clarke and A Duggan Ashgate 2012 pp 301 13 978 07546 6288 4 Harris Jonathan 2017 Constantinople Capital of Byzantium Ingilizce Bloomsbury Publishing ISBN 978 1 4742 5467 0 Heath Ian 1995 Byzantine Armies 1118 1461 AD Illustrated by Angus McBride Osprey Publishing ISBN 1 85532 347 8 Hillenbrand Carole 2003 The Imprisonment of Raynald of Chatillon Texts Documents and Artefacts Islamic Studies in Honour of D S Donald Sidney Richards edited by Chase F Robinson Brill Academic Publishers ISBN 90 04 10865 3 Jeffreys Elizabeth Jeffreys Michael 2001 PDF The Crusades from the Perspective of Byzantium and the Muslim World edited by Angeliki E Laiou and Roy Parviz Mottahedeh Dumbarton Oaks Research Library and Collection ISBN 0 88402 277 3 10 Mayis 2017 tarihinde kaynagindan PDF arsivlendi Kazdan Alexander P Epstein Ann Wharton 1990 Popular and Aristocratic Popular Trends Change in Byzantine Culture in the Eleventh and Twelfth Centuries University of California Press ISBN 0 520 06962 5 Kurtz Johann Heinrich 1860 Dogmatic Controversies 12th and 14th Centuries History of the Christian Church to the Reformation T amp T Clark ISBN 0 548 06187 4 2 Subat 2007 tarihinde kaynagindan arsivlendi Erisim tarihi 5 Subat 2007 2005 The Decline of the Latin Kingdom of Jerusalem and the Third Crusade The New Concise History of the Crusades Rowman amp Littlefield ISBN 0 7425 3822 2 Magdalino Paul 2004 The Byzantine Empire 1118 1204 Ed The New Cambridge Medieval History Volume 4 c 1024 c 1198 Part 1 Ingilizce Cambridge Cambridge University Press ss 611 643 ISBN 978 1 13905402 7 Magdalino Paul 2002 The Medieval Empire 780 1204 The Oxford History of Byzantium By Cyril A Mango Oxford University Press ISBN 0 19 814098 3 Mayer Hans 2004 The Latin East 1098 1205 Ed The New Cambridge Medieval History Volume 4 c 1024 c 1198 Part 1 Ingilizce Cambridge Cambridge University Press ss 644 674 ISBN 978 1 13905402 7 1963 Muir s Historical Atlas 6 bas Londra George Philip amp Son Nicol Donald M 1988 The Parting of the Ways Byzantium and Venice A Study in Diplomatic and Cultural Relations Ingilizce Cambridge Cambridge University Press ISBN 0 521 34157 4 Norwich John Julius 1998 A Short History of Byzantium Penguin ISBN 0 14 025960 0 Norwich John J 1995 Byzantium The Decline and Fall Alfred A Knopf Inc ISBN 0 679 41650 1 Obolensky Dimitri 1971 The Byzantine Commonwealth Eastern Europe 500 1453 Londra Weidenfeld and Nicolson ISBN 1 84212 019 0 Karolidis Pavlos 1925 History of the Hellenic Nation Yunanca Db Atina Eleftheroudakis 2003 1999 The Templars translated in Greek by G Kousounelou Enalios ISBN 960 536 143 4 Rogers Clifford J 2010 The Oxford Encyclopedia of Medieval Warfare and Military Technology Vol 1 Oxford Oxford University Press ISBN 978 0195334036 Rogers Randal 1997 The Capture of the Palestinian Coast Latin Siege Warfare in the Twelfth Century Oxford University Press ISBN 0 19 820689 5 Treadgold Warren 1997 A History of the Byzantine State and Society Ingilizce Stanford Kaliforniya Stanford University Press ISBN 0 8047 2630 2 Sedlar Jean W 1994 Foreign Affairs East Central Europe in the Middle Ages 1000 1500 University of Washington Press ISBN 0 295 97290 4 Stone Darwell 1909 A History of the Doctrine of the Holy Eucharist Vol 1 Longmans Green amp Co London reprinted Wipf amp Stock Eugene Oregon 2006 Stone Andrew Manuel I Comnenus A D 1143 1180 Online Encyclopedia of Roman Emperors 5 Ekim 2003 tarihinde kaynagindan Erisim tarihi 5 Subat 2007 1928 1935 Byzantium and the Crusades History of the Byzantine Empire ISBN 0 299 80925 0 Zeitler Barbara 1994 Cross cultural Interpretations of Imagery in the Middle Ages The Art Bulletin 76 4 680 694 doi 10 2307 3046063 JSTOR 3046063 Konuyla ilgili yayinlarHaldon John 2002 Byzantium A History Tempus ISBN 0 7524 2343 6 Lilie Ralph Johannes 1988 Byzantium and the Crusader States 1096 1204 Oxford University Press ISBN 0 19 820407 8 Dis baglantilarWikimedia Commons ta Manuel I Komnenos ile ilgili ortam dosyalari bulunmaktadir Manuel coinage25 Mart 2017 tarihinde Wayback Machine sitesinde Resmi unvanlarOnce gelen II Ioannis Bizans Imparatoru 1143 1180 Sonra gelen II Aleksios