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Frederick Sanger d 13 Ağustos 1918 Rendcomb Gloucestershire ö 19 Kasım 2013 Cambridge Cambridgeshire ingiliz biyokimy

Frederick Sanger

Frederick Sanger
www.wikipedia.tr-tr.nina.azhttps://www.wikipedia.tr-tr.nina.az

Frederick Sanger, (d. 13 Ağustos 1918, Rendcomb, Gloucestershire - ö. 19 Kasım 2013, Cambridge, Cambridgeshire) İngiliz biyokimyager. 1958 ve 1980 yıllarında 2 kez Nobel Kimya Ödülü kazanmıştır. 1958 yılında "proteinlerin, özellikle de insülinin yapısı üzerine çalışmaları için" Nobel Kimya Ödülü kazanmıştır ve bu ödülü aynı kategoride 2 kez kazanan tek kişidir. 1980 yılında da "nükleik asitlerdeki baz dizilerinin belirlenmesiyle ilgili katkıları nedeniyle" Walter Gilbert ile birlikte bu ödülü kazanmıştır. Aynı yıl ayrıca Paul Berg, "nükleik asitlerin, özellikle de rekombinant DNA'nın biyokimyası üzerine temel çalışmaları için" ödülü kazanan diğer isim olmuştur.

Frederick Sanger
image
Frederick Sanger
Doğum13 Ağustos 1918
Gloucestershire, İngiltere, Birleşik Krallık
Ölüm19 Kasım 2013 (95 yaşında)
Cambridge, İngiltere, Birleşik Krallık
Vatandaşlıkimage Birleşik Krallık
EğitimUniversity of Cambridge
Ödüllerimage Nobel Kimya Ödülü (1958)
image Nobel Kimya Ödülü (1980)
Kariyeri
DalıBiyokimya
Çalıştığı kurumlarUniversity of Cambridge
Doktora
danışmanı
Doktora öğrencileriRodney Robert Porter

Sanger, Nobel Ödülü'ne iki kez layık görülen sadece dört kişiden biridir. Nobel Ödülü'nü iki kez kazanan diğer kişiler şunlardır: Marie Curie (1903'te fizik, 1911'de kimya), Linus Carl Pauling (1954'te kimya, 1962'de barış) ve John Bardeen (1956 ve 1972 fizik).

Seçilmiş yayınları

  • Sanger, F.; Tuppy, H. (1951a), "The amino-acid sequence in the phenylalanyl chain of insulin. 1. The identification of lower peptides from partial hydrolysates", Biochemical Journal, 49 (4), ss. 463-481, (PMC) 1197535 $2, (PMID) 14886310 .
  • Sanger, F.; Tuppy, H. (1951b), "The amino-acid sequence in the phenylalanyl chain of insulin. 2. The investigation of peptides from enzymic hydrolysates", Biochemical Journal, 49 (4), ss. 481-490, (PMC) 1197536 $2, (PMID) 14886311 .
  • Sanger, F.; Thompson, E.O.P. (1953a), "The amino-acid sequence in the glycyl chain of insulin. 1. The identification of lower peptides from partial hydrolysates", Biochemical Journal, 53 (3), ss. 353-366, (PMC) 1198157 $2, (PMID) 13032078 .
  • Sanger, F.; Thompson, E.O.P. (1953b), "The amino-acid sequence in the glycyl chain of insulin. 2. The investigation of peptides from enzymic hydrolysates", Biochemical Journal, 53 (3), ss. 366-374, (PMC) 1198158 $2, (PMID) 13032079 .
  • Sanger, F.; Thompson, E.O.p.; Kitai, R. (1955), "The amide groups of insulin", Biochemical Journal, 59 (3), ss. 509-518, (PMC) 1216278 $2, (PMID) 14363129 .
  • Ryle, A.P.; Sanger, F.; Smith, L.F.; Kitai, R. (1955), "The disulphide bonds of insulin", Biochemical Journal, 60 (4), ss. 541-556, (PMC) 1216151 $2, (PMID) 13249947 .
  • Brown, H.; Sanger, F.; Kitai, R. (1955), "The structure of pig and sheep insulins", Biochemical Journal, 60 (4), ss. 556-565, (PMC) 1216152 $2, (PMID) 13249948 .
  • Sanger, F. (1959), "Chemistry of Insulin: determination of the structure of insulin opens the way to greater understanding of life processes", Science, 129 (3359), ss. 1340-1344, Bibcode:1959Sci...129.1340G, doi:10.1126/science.129.3359.1340, (PMID) 13658959 .
  • Milstein, C.; Sanger, F. (1961), "An amino acid sequence in the active centre of phosphoglucomutase", Biochemical Journal, 79 (3), ss. 456-469, (PMC) 1205670 $2, (PMID) 13771000 .
  • Marcker, K.; Sanger, F. (1964), "N-formyl-methionyl-S-RNA", Journal of Molecular Biology, 8 (6), ss. 835-840, doi:10.1016/S0022-2836(64)80164-9, (PMID) 14187409 .
  • Sanger, F.; Brownlee, G.G.; Barrell, B.G. (1965), "A two-dimensional fractionation procedure for radioactive nucleotides", Journal of Molecular Biology, 13 (2), ss. 373-398, doi:10.1016/S0022-2836(65)80104-8, (PMID) 5325727 .
  • Brownlee, G.G.; Sanger, F.; Barrell, B.G. (1967), "Nucleotide sequence of 5S-ribosomal RNA from Escherichia coli", Nature, 215 (5102), ss. 735-736, Bibcode:1967Natur.215..735B, doi:10.1038/215735a0, (PMID) 4862513 .
  • Brownlee, G.G.; Sanger, F. (1967), "Nucleotide sequences from the low molecular weight ribosomal RNA of Escherichia coli", Journal of Molecular Biology, 23 (3), ss. 337-353, doi:10.1016/S0022-2836(67)80109-8, (PMID) 4291728 .
  • Brownlee, G.G.; Sanger, F.; Barrell, B.G. (1968), "The sequence of 5S ribosomal ribonucleic acid", Journal of Molecular Biology, 34 (3), ss. 379-412, doi:10.1016/0022-2836(68)90168-X, (PMID) 4938553 .
  • Adams, J.M.; Jeppesen, P.G.; Sanger, F.; Barrell, B.G. (1969), "Nucleotide sequence from the coat protein cistron of R17 bacteriophage RNA", Nature, 223 (5210), ss. 1009-1014, Bibcode:1969Natur.223.1009A, doi:10.1038/2231009a0, (PMID) 5811898 .
  • Barrell, B.G.; Sanger, F. (1969), "The sequence of phenylalanine tRNA from E. coli", FEBS Letters, 3 (4), ss. 275-278, doi:10.1016/0014-5793(69)80157-2, (PMID) 11947028 .
  • Jeppesen, P.G.; Barrell, B.G.; Sanger, F.; Coulson, A.R. (1972), "Nucleotide sequences of two fragments from the coat-protein cistron of bacteriophage R17 ribonucleic acid", Biochemical Journal, 128 (5), ss. 993-1006, (PMC) 1173988 $2, (PMID) 4566195 .
  • Sanger, F.; Donelson, J.E.; Coulson, A.R.; Kössel, H.; Fischer, D. (1973), "Use of DNA Polymerase I Primed by a Synthetic Oligonucleotide to Determine a Nucleotide Sequence in Phage f1 DNA", Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences USA, 70 (4), ss. 1209-1213, Bibcode:1973PNAS...70.1209S, doi:10.1073/pnas.70.4.1209, (PMC) 433459 $2, (PMID) 4577794 .
  • Sanger, F.; Coulson, A.R. (1975), "A rapid method for determining sequences in DNA by primed synthesis with DNA polymerase", Journal of Molecular Biology, 94 (3), ss. 441-448, doi:10.1016/0022-2836(75)90213-2, (PMID) 1100841 .
  • Sanger, F.; Nicklen, S.; Coulson, A.R. (1977), "DNA sequencing with chain-terminating inhibitors", Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences USA, 74 (12), ss. 5463-5467, Bibcode:1977PNAS...74.5463S, doi:10.1073/pnas.74.12.5463, (PMC) 431765 $2, (PMID) 271968 . According to the Institute for Scientific Information (ISI) database, by October 2010 this paper had been cited over 64,000 times.
  • Sanger, F.; Air, G.M.; Barrell, B.G.; Brown, N.L.; Coulson, A.R.; Fiddes, C.A.; Hutchinson, C.A.; Slocombe, P.M.; Smith, M. (1977), "Nucleotide sequence of bacteriophage φX174 DNA", Nature, 265 (5596), ss. 687-695, Bibcode:1977Natur.265..687S, doi:10.1038/265687a0, (PMID) 870828 .
  • Sanger, F.; Coulson, A.R. (1978), "The use of thin acrylamide gels for DNA sequencing", FEBS Letters, 87 (1), ss. 107-110, doi:10.1016/0014-5793(78)80145-8, (PMID) 631324 .
  • Sanger, F.; Coulson, A.R.; Barrell, B.G.; Smith, A.J.; Roe, B.A. (1980), "Cloning in single-stranded bacteriophage as an aid to rapid DNA sequencing", Journal of Molecular Biology, 143 (2), ss. 161-178, doi:10.1016/0022-2836(80)90196-5, (PMID) 6260957 .
  • Anderson, S.; Bankier, A.T.; Barrell, B.G.; De Bruijn, M.H.; Coulson, A.R.; Drouin, J.; Eperon, I.C.; Nierlich, D.P.; Roe, B.A. (1981), "Sequence and organization of the human mitochondrial genome", Nature, 290 (5806), ss. 457-465, Bibcode:1981Natur.290..457A, doi:10.1038/290457a0, (PMID) 7219534 .
  • Anderson, S.; De Bruijn, M.H.; Coulson, A.R.; Eperon, I.C.; Sanger, F.; Young, I.G. (1982), "Complete sequence of bovine mitochondrial DNA. Conserved features of the mammalian mitochondrial genome", Journal of Molecular Biology, 156 (4), ss. 683-717, doi:10.1016/0022-2836(82)90137-1, (PMID) 7120390 .
  • Sanger, F.; Coulson, A.R.; Hong, G.F.; Hill, D.F.; Petersen, G.B. (1982), "Nucleotide sequence of bacteriophage λ DNA", Journal of Molecular Biology, 162 (4), ss. 729-773, doi:10.1016/0022-2836(82)90546-0, (PMID) 6221115 .
  • Sanger, F. (1988), "Sequences, sequences, and sequences", Annual Review of Biochemistry, cilt 57, ss. 1-28, doi:10.1146/annurev.bi.57.070188.000245, (PMID) 2460023 .

Kaynakça

  1. ^ "Arşivlenmiş kopya". 22 Kasım 2012 tarihinde kaynağından . Erişim tarihi: 9 Mart 2013. 
  2. ^ Nobel Laureates Facts. Nobel Foundation. Nobelprize.org/nobel ödülü vakaları 2 Şubat 2007 tarihinde Wayback Machine sitesinde . Erişim tarihi 10.16.2008 (İngilizce)

Konuyla ilgili yayınlar

  • Finch, John (2008), A Nobel Fellow on every floor: a history of the Medical Research Council Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Cambridge: Medical Research Council, ISBN  .
  • Sanger, F.; Dowding, M. (1996), Selected Papers of Frederick Sanger: with commentaries, Singapore: World Scientific, ISBN  .

Dış bağlantılar

  • The Sanger Institute 8 Ocak 2021 tarihinde Wayback Machine sitesinde .
  • About the 1958 Nobel Prize10 Ekim 2012 tarihinde Wayback Machine sitesinde .
  • About the 1980 Nobel Prize22 Ekim 2012 tarihinde Wayback Machine sitesinde .
  • 2001 Video Documentary by The Vega Science Trust
  • National Portrait Gallery 25 Ekim 2008 tarihinde Wayback Machine sitesinde .
  • Frederick Sanger interviewed by Alan Macfarlane, 24th August 2007 (film) 11 Nisan 2013 tarihinde Wayback Machine sitesinde .
  • Interviews with Nobel Prize winning scientists: Dr Frederick Sanger, British Broadcasting Corporation, c. 1985, 22 Eylül 2013 tarihinde kaynağından , erişim tarihi: 9 Mart 2013 . Interviewed by . Duration 1 hour.

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Frederick Sanger d 13 Agustos 1918 Rendcomb Gloucestershire o 19 Kasim 2013 Cambridge Cambridgeshire Ingiliz biyokimyager 1958 ve 1980 yillarinda 2 kez Nobel Kimya Odulu kazanmistir 1958 yilinda proteinlerin ozellikle de insulinin yapisi uzerine calismalari icin Nobel Kimya Odulu kazanmistir ve bu odulu ayni kategoride 2 kez kazanan tek kisidir 1980 yilinda da nukleik asitlerdeki baz dizilerinin belirlenmesiyle ilgili katkilari nedeniyle Walter Gilbert ile birlikte bu odulu kazanmistir Ayni yil ayrica Paul Berg nukleik asitlerin ozellikle de rekombinant DNA nin biyokimyasi uzerine temel calismalari icin odulu kazanan diger isim olmustur Frederick SangerFrederick SangerDogum13 Agustos 1918 Gloucestershire Ingiltere Birlesik KrallikOlum19 Kasim 2013 95 yasinda Cambridge Ingiltere Birlesik KrallikVatandaslik Birlesik KrallikEgitimUniversity of CambridgeOdullerNobel Kimya Odulu 1958 Nobel Kimya Odulu 1980 KariyeriDaliBiyokimyaCalistigi kurumlarUniversity of CambridgeDoktora danismaniDoktora ogrencileriRodney Robert Porter Sanger Nobel Odulu ne iki kez layik gorulen sadece dort kisiden biridir Nobel Odulu nu iki kez kazanan diger kisiler sunlardir Marie Curie 1903 te fizik 1911 de kimya Linus Carl Pauling 1954 te kimya 1962 de baris ve John Bardeen 1956 ve 1972 fizik Secilmis yayinlariSanger F Tuppy H 1951a The amino acid sequence in the phenylalanyl chain of insulin 1 The identification of lower peptides from partial hydrolysates Biochemical Journal 49 4 ss 463 481 PMC 1197535 2 PMID 14886310 Sanger F Tuppy H 1951b The amino acid sequence in the phenylalanyl chain of insulin 2 The investigation of peptides from enzymic hydrolysates Biochemical Journal 49 4 ss 481 490 PMC 1197536 2 PMID 14886311 Sanger F Thompson E O P 1953a The amino acid sequence in the glycyl chain of insulin 1 The identification of lower peptides from partial hydrolysates Biochemical Journal 53 3 ss 353 366 PMC 1198157 2 PMID 13032078 Sanger F Thompson E O P 1953b The amino acid sequence in the glycyl chain of insulin 2 The investigation of peptides from enzymic hydrolysates Biochemical Journal 53 3 ss 366 374 PMC 1198158 2 PMID 13032079 Sanger F Thompson E O p Kitai R 1955 The amide groups of insulin Biochemical Journal 59 3 ss 509 518 PMC 1216278 2 PMID 14363129 Ryle A P Sanger F Smith L F Kitai R 1955 The disulphide bonds of insulin Biochemical Journal 60 4 ss 541 556 PMC 1216151 2 PMID 13249947 Brown H Sanger F Kitai R 1955 The structure of pig and sheep insulins Biochemical Journal 60 4 ss 556 565 PMC 1216152 2 PMID 13249948 Sanger F 1959 Chemistry of Insulin determination of the structure of insulin opens the way to greater understanding of life processes Science 129 3359 ss 1340 1344 Bibcode 1959Sci 129 1340G doi 10 1126 science 129 3359 1340 PMID 13658959 Milstein C Sanger F 1961 An amino acid sequence in the active centre of phosphoglucomutase Biochemical Journal 79 3 ss 456 469 PMC 1205670 2 PMID 13771000 Marcker K Sanger F 1964 N formyl methionyl S RNA Journal of Molecular Biology 8 6 ss 835 840 doi 10 1016 S0022 2836 64 80164 9 PMID 14187409 Sanger F Brownlee G G Barrell B G 1965 A two dimensional fractionation procedure for radioactive nucleotides Journal of Molecular Biology 13 2 ss 373 398 doi 10 1016 S0022 2836 65 80104 8 PMID 5325727 Brownlee G G Sanger F Barrell B G 1967 Nucleotide sequence of 5S ribosomal RNA from Escherichia coli Nature 215 5102 ss 735 736 Bibcode 1967Natur 215 735B doi 10 1038 215735a0 PMID 4862513 Brownlee G G Sanger F 1967 Nucleotide sequences from the low molecular weight ribosomal RNA of Escherichia coli Journal of Molecular Biology 23 3 ss 337 353 doi 10 1016 S0022 2836 67 80109 8 PMID 4291728 Brownlee G G Sanger F Barrell B G 1968 The sequence of 5S ribosomal ribonucleic acid Journal of Molecular Biology 34 3 ss 379 412 doi 10 1016 0022 2836 68 90168 X PMID 4938553 Adams J M Jeppesen P G Sanger F Barrell B G 1969 Nucleotide sequence from the coat protein cistron of R17 bacteriophage RNA Nature 223 5210 ss 1009 1014 Bibcode 1969Natur 223 1009A doi 10 1038 2231009a0 PMID 5811898 Barrell B G Sanger F 1969 The sequence of phenylalanine tRNA from E coli FEBS Letters 3 4 ss 275 278 doi 10 1016 0014 5793 69 80157 2 PMID 11947028 Jeppesen P G Barrell B G Sanger F Coulson A R 1972 Nucleotide sequences of two fragments from the coat protein cistron of bacteriophage R17 ribonucleic acid Biochemical Journal 128 5 ss 993 1006 PMC 1173988 2 PMID 4566195 Sanger F Donelson J E Coulson A R Kossel H Fischer D 1973 Use of DNA Polymerase I Primed by a Synthetic Oligonucleotide to Determine a Nucleotide Sequence in Phage f1 DNA Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences USA 70 4 ss 1209 1213 Bibcode 1973PNAS 70 1209S doi 10 1073 pnas 70 4 1209 PMC 433459 2 PMID 4577794 Sanger F Coulson A R 1975 A rapid method for determining sequences in DNA by primed synthesis with DNA polymerase Journal of Molecular Biology 94 3 ss 441 448 doi 10 1016 0022 2836 75 90213 2 PMID 1100841 Sanger F Nicklen S Coulson A R 1977 DNA sequencing with chain terminating inhibitors Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences USA 74 12 ss 5463 5467 Bibcode 1977PNAS 74 5463S doi 10 1073 pnas 74 12 5463 PMC 431765 2 PMID 271968 According to the Institute for Scientific Information ISI database by October 2010 this paper had been cited over 64 000 times Sanger F Air G M Barrell B G Brown N L Coulson A R Fiddes C A Hutchinson C A Slocombe P M Smith M 1977 Nucleotide sequence of bacteriophage fX174 DNA Nature 265 5596 ss 687 695 Bibcode 1977Natur 265 687S doi 10 1038 265687a0 PMID 870828 Sanger F Coulson A R 1978 The use of thin acrylamide gels for DNA sequencing FEBS Letters 87 1 ss 107 110 doi 10 1016 0014 5793 78 80145 8 PMID 631324 Sanger F Coulson A R Barrell B G Smith A J Roe B A 1980 Cloning in single stranded bacteriophage as an aid to rapid DNA sequencing Journal of Molecular Biology 143 2 ss 161 178 doi 10 1016 0022 2836 80 90196 5 PMID 6260957 Anderson S Bankier A T Barrell B G De Bruijn M H Coulson A R Drouin J Eperon I C Nierlich D P Roe B A 1981 Sequence and organization of the human mitochondrial genome Nature 290 5806 ss 457 465 Bibcode 1981Natur 290 457A doi 10 1038 290457a0 PMID 7219534 Anderson S De Bruijn M H Coulson A R Eperon I C Sanger F Young I G 1982 Complete sequence of bovine mitochondrial DNA Conserved features of the mammalian mitochondrial genome Journal of Molecular Biology 156 4 ss 683 717 doi 10 1016 0022 2836 82 90137 1 PMID 7120390 Sanger F Coulson A R Hong G F Hill D F Petersen G B 1982 Nucleotide sequence of bacteriophage l DNA Journal of Molecular Biology 162 4 ss 729 773 doi 10 1016 0022 2836 82 90546 0 PMID 6221115 Sanger F 1988 Sequences sequences and sequences Annual Review of Biochemistry cilt 57 ss 1 28 doi 10 1146 annurev bi 57 070188 000245 PMID 2460023 Kaynakca Arsivlenmis kopya 22 Kasim 2012 tarihinde kaynagindan Erisim tarihi 9 Mart 2013 Nobel Laureates Facts Nobel Foundation Nobelprize org nobel odulu vakalari 2 Subat 2007 tarihinde Wayback Machine sitesinde Erisim tarihi 10 16 2008 Ingilizce Konuyla ilgili yayinlarFinch John 2008 A Nobel Fellow on every floor a history of the Medical Research Council Laboratory of Molecular Biology Cambridge Medical Research Council ISBN 978 1 84046 940 0 Sanger F Dowding M 1996 Selected Papers of Frederick Sanger with commentaries Singapore World Scientific ISBN 981 02 2430 3 Dis baglantilarThe Sanger Institute 8 Ocak 2021 tarihinde Wayback Machine sitesinde About the 1958 Nobel Prize10 Ekim 2012 tarihinde Wayback Machine sitesinde About the 1980 Nobel Prize22 Ekim 2012 tarihinde Wayback Machine sitesinde 2001 Video Documentary by The Vega Science Trust National Portrait Gallery 25 Ekim 2008 tarihinde Wayback Machine sitesinde Frederick Sanger interviewed by Alan Macfarlane 24th August 2007 film 11 Nisan 2013 tarihinde Wayback Machine sitesinde Interviews with Nobel Prize winning scientists Dr Frederick Sanger British Broadcasting Corporation c 1985 22 Eylul 2013 tarihinde kaynagindan erisim tarihi 9 Mart 2013 Interviewed by Duration 1 hour

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