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Bu maddenin içeriğinin Türkçeleştirilmesi veya doğrultusunda düzeltilmesi gerekmektedir. Bu maddedeki yazım ve noktalama yanlışları ya da anlatım bozuklukları giderilmelidir. (Yabancı sözcükler yerine Türkçe karşılıklarının kullanılması, karakter hatalarının düzeltilmesi, dilbilgisi hatalarının düzeltilmesi vs.) Düzenleme yapıldıktan sonra bu şablon kaldırılmalıdır. |
Çılgın Kalabalıktan Uzak orijinal adıyla Far from the Madding Crowd Thomas Hardy'nin 1874 yılında yayımlanan dördüncü romanı ve en büyük edebi başarısıdır. Kitap ‘de anonim olarak ve aylık bir seri şeklinde yayımlanmış, bu sayede büyük okuyucu kitlelerine ulaşmıştır. Kitap yayımlandığı dönemde çoğunlukla olumlu eleştiriler almıştır. Hardy, 1895 baskısında kitaba eklemeler yapmış; 1901 baskısında ise kitap üzerinde düzenlemeler yapmıştır.
| Far from the Madding Crowd | ||||
 Kitanın 1874 yılındaki ilk baskısının ön sayfası. | ||||
| Yazar | Thomas Hardy | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Çevirmen | Nihal Yeğinobalı | |||
| Ülke | İngiltere | |||
| Dil | İngilizce | |||
| Tür | Psikolojik dram | |||
| Yayım | 1874 | |||
| Seri | ||||
| ||||
Özet
Gabriel Oak genç bir çiftçidir. Sade yaşam biçimi sayesinde biriktirdikleriyle bir koyun çiftliği kurar. Gabriel, teyzesi Bayan Hurts'ün yanında yaşamak için köyüne gelen kendinden altı yaş küçük Bathsheba Everdene'e aşık olur. Zamanla Bathsheba ve Gabriel tanışıklıklarını ilerletirler, hatta Bathsheba Gabriel'in hayatını bile kurtarır. Ancak Gabriel ona evlenme teklif ettiğinde Bathsheba onu reddeder çünkü kendi bağımsızlığına olan ihtiyacı, Gabriel'e duyduğu sevgiden büyüktür. İhanete uğramış ve mahcup hisseden Gabriel, onu görmeyi keser. Birkaç gün sonra ise Bathsheba yakınlardaki başka bir köy olan 'ye taşınır.
Birbirlerini bir sonraki görüşlerinde, ikisi içinde durumlar dramatik bir şekilde değişir. Tecrübesiz çoban köpeği George, Gabriel'in sürüsünü uçurumdan aşağı sürmüş ve onu mahveder. Bunun üzerine borçlarını ödeyebilmek için değerli olan her şeyini satan Gabriel, beş parasız kalır. Gabriel şehrinde kendine iş aramış ancak burada iş bulamayınca, Weatherbury'den sadece on mil uzakta olan Shottsford şehrine gitmek üzere yola çıkar. Bu yolculuk sırasında, bir çiftlikte çıkan büyük bir yangın görmüş ve onu söndürmek için durup yerlilere yardım eder. Çiftliğin yüzü örtülü sahibi ona teşekkür etmeye geldiğinde, Gabriel ona çiftlikte bir çobana ihtiyacı olup olmadığını sorar. Çiftlik sahibi yüzündeki örtüyü çıkarır ve böylece onun Bathsheba olduğu anlaşılır. Bathsheba'ya amcasından büyük bir miras ve bu mirasın içinde yer alan bu çiftlik kalmıştır. Bu konu hakkında farklı duyguları olan Bathsheba, Gabriel'i işe alır.
Bathsheba'in ve Boldwood
Artık Bathsheba'nın yeni bir hayranı vardır: yalnız ve depresif William Boldwood. Kırklı yaşlarında varlıklı bir çiftçi olan Boldwood'un Bathsheba'ya olan hisleri -ona alışılmış hayranlık dolu bakışları hiç sunmadığındı için Bathseba'nın artan merakıyla- üzerinde "evlen benimle" kelimelerinin kabartıldığı kırmızı mumla mühürlenmiş bir aşk mektubu göndermesiyle birlikte farkında olmadan uyanır. Aşk mektubunun bir espri olduğunu anlamayan Boldwood, Bathsheba'ya takıntılı hale gelir ve kısa bir süre sonra evlenme teklif eder. Bathsheba, onu sevmemesine rağmen, teklifini kabil etme fikriyle eğlenmektedir, sonuçta bölgedeki en uygun bekar Boldwood'dur, diğer taraftan, kesin bir yanıt vermeyi erteler. Düşüncesizliği yüzünden onu azarladığında ise, Gabriel'i kovar.
Çiftlikteki bir kuzu Gastrik dilatasyon volvulus'tan muzdarip olunca, Bathsheba bu hastalığı tedavi edebilecek tek kişi olan Gabriel'ı çağırır. Geri dönmeye ikna olmayan Gabriel'i ikna etmek için, Bathsheba gururunu bir kenara bırakıp yardım etmesi için ona yalvarır. Bu olaydan sonra ikilinin arkadaşlıkları düzelir ve Bathsheba'a Gabriel'e eski işini teklif eder.
Sergeant Troy returns
At this point, the dashing Sergeant Francis "Frank" Troy returns to his native Weatherbury and by chance encounters Bathsheba one night. Her initial dislike turns to after he excites her with a private display of . Gabriel observes Bathsheba's interest in the young soldier and tries to discourage it, telling her she would be better off marrying Boldwood. Boldwood becomes aggressive towards Troy, and Bathsheba goes to Bath to prevent Troy returning to Weatherbury, as she fears Troy may be harmed on meeting Boldwood. On their return, Boldwood offers his rival a large bribe to give up Bathsheba. Troy pretends to consider the offer, then scornfully announces they are already married. Boldwood withdraws humiliated and vows revenge.
Bathsheba soon discovers that her new husband is an improvident gambler with little interest in farming. Worse, she begins to suspect that he does not love her. In fact, Troy's heart belongs to her former servant, Fanny Robin. Before meeting Bathsheba, Troy had promised to marry Fanny; on the wedding day, however, the luckless girl went to the wrong church. She explained her mistake, but Troy, humiliated at being left waiting at the altar, angrily called off the wedding. When they parted, unbeknownst to Troy, Fanny was pregnant with his child.
Fanny Robin
Some months later, Troy and Bathsheba encounter Fanny on the road, destitute, as she painfully makes her way toward the Casterbridge . Troy sends his wife onward with the horse and before she can recognise the girl, then gives Fanny all the money in his pocket, telling her he will give her more in a few days. Fanny uses up the last of her strength to reach her destination. A few hours later, she dies in childbirth, along with the baby. Mother and child are then placed in a coffin and sent home to Weatherbury for . Gabriel, who has long known of Troy's relationship with Fanny, tries to conceal the child's existence – but Bathsheba agrees for the coffin to be left in her house overnight, from her sense of duty towards a former servant of the household. Her new servant, Liddy, repeats the rumour that Fanny had a child and so, when all the servants are in bed, Bathsheba unscrews the lid and sees the two bodies inside – her husband's former lover and their child.
Troy then comes home from Casterbridge, where he had gone to keep his appointment with Fanny. Seeing the reason for her failure to meet him, he gently kisses the corpse and tells the anguished Bathsheba, "This woman is more to me, dead as she is, than ever you were, or are, or can be". The next day he spends all his money on a marble tombstone with the inscription: "Erected by Francis Troy in beloved memory of Fanny Robin..." Then, loathing himself and unable to bear Bathsheba's company, he leaves. After a long walk he bathes in the sea, leaving his clothes on the beach. A strong current carries him away, but he is rescued by a rowing boat.
Climax
A year later, with Troy presumed drowned, Boldwood renews his suit. Burdened with guilt over the pain she has caused him, Bathsheba reluctantly consents to marry him in six years, long enough to have Troy declared dead.
Troy, however, is not dead. When he learns that Boldwood is again courting Bathsheba, he returns to Weatherbury on Christmas Eve to claim his wife. He goes to Boldwood's house, where a party is under way, and orders Bathsheba to come with him; when she shrinks back in surprise, he seizes her arm, and she screams. At this, Boldwood shoots Troy dead and tries unsuccessfully to turn the gun on himself. Although Boldwood is condemned to hang for murder, his friends petition the for mercy, citing insanity. This is granted, and Boldwood's sentence is changed to "confinement during ". Bathsheba, profoundly chastened by guilt and grief, buries her husband in the same grave as Fanny and their child, and adds a suitable inscription.
Ending
Throughout her tribulations, Bathsheba comes to rely increasingly on her oldest and, as she admits to herself, only real friend, Gabriel. When he gives notice that he is leaving her employ, she realises how important he has become to her well-being. That night, she goes alone to visit him in his cottage, to find out why he is deserting her. Pressed, he reluctantly reveals that it is because people have been injuring her good name by gossiping that he wants to marry her. She exclaims that it is "...too absurd – too soon – to think of, by far!" He bitterly agrees that it is absurd, but when she corrects him, saying that it is only "too soon", he is emboldened to ask once again for her hand in marriage. She accepts, and the two are quietly wed.
Türkçe Basımları
- Çılgın Kalabalıktan Uzak, çevirmen: Nihal Yeğinobalı, Can Yayınları.
- Çılgın Kalabalıktan Uzak, çevirmen: Soner Yılmaz, .
- Çılgın Kalabalıktan Uzak, çevirmen: Ayşe Türkmen, Altın Post Yayıncılık.
Kaynakça
- ^ , (Ed.) (2000). Oxford Reader's Companion to Hardy. Oxford: Oxford University Press. ss. 130-132.
- ^ Higonnet, Margaret R., (Ed.) (1992). Feminist essays on Hardy : the Janus face of gender. Urbana: University of Illinois Press. s. 59. ISBN .
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Bu maddenin iceriginin Turkcelestirilmesi veya Turkce dilbilgisi ve kurallari dogrultusunda duzeltilmesi gerekmektedir Bu maddedeki yazim ve noktalama yanlislari ya da anlatim bozukluklari giderilmelidir Yabanci sozcukler yerine Turkce karsiliklarinin kullanilmasi karakter hatalarinin duzeltilmesi dilbilgisi hatalarinin duzeltilmesi vs Duzenleme yapildiktan sonra bu sablon kaldirilmalidir Cilgin Kalabaliktan Uzak orijinal adiyla Far from the Madding Crowd Thomas Hardy nin 1874 yilinda yayimlanan dorduncu romani ve en buyuk edebi basarisidir Kitap de anonim olarak ve aylik bir seri seklinde yayimlanmis bu sayede buyuk okuyucu kitlelerine ulasmistir Kitap yayimlandigi donemde cogunlukla olumlu elestiriler almistir Hardy 1895 baskisinda kitaba eklemeler yapmis 1901 baskisinda ise kitap uzerinde duzenlemeler yapmistir Cilgin Kalabaliktan UzakFar from the Madding CrowdKitanin 1874 yilindaki ilk baskisinin on sayfasi YazarThomas HardyCevirmenNihal YeginobaliUlkeIngiltereDilIngilizceTurPsikolojik dramYayim1874SeriA Pair of Blue Eyes Cilgin Kalabaliktan Uzak The Hand of EthelbertaOzetGabriel Oak genc bir ciftcidir Sade yasam bicimi sayesinde biriktirdikleriyle bir koyun ciftligi kurar Gabriel teyzesi Bayan Hurts un yaninda yasamak icin koyune gelen kendinden alti yas kucuk Bathsheba Everdene e asik olur Zamanla Bathsheba ve Gabriel tanisikliklarini ilerletirler hatta Bathsheba Gabriel in hayatini bile kurtarir Ancak Gabriel ona evlenme teklif ettiginde Bathsheba onu reddeder cunku kendi bagimsizligina olan ihtiyaci Gabriel e duydugu sevgiden buyuktur Ihanete ugramis ve mahcup hisseden Gabriel onu gormeyi keser Birkac gun sonra ise Bathsheba yakinlardaki baska bir koy olan ye tasinir Birbirlerini bir sonraki goruslerinde ikisi icinde durumlar dramatik bir sekilde degisir Tecrubesiz coban kopegi George Gabriel in surusunu ucurumdan asagi surmus ve onu mahveder Bunun uzerine borclarini odeyebilmek icin degerli olan her seyini satan Gabriel bes parasiz kalir Gabriel sehrinde kendine is aramis ancak burada is bulamayinca Weatherbury den sadece on mil uzakta olan Shottsford sehrine gitmek uzere yola cikar Bu yolculuk sirasinda bir ciftlikte cikan buyuk bir yangin gormus ve onu sondurmek icin durup yerlilere yardim eder Ciftligin yuzu ortulu sahibi ona tesekkur etmeye geldiginde Gabriel ona ciftlikte bir cobana ihtiyaci olup olmadigini sorar Ciftlik sahibi yuzundeki ortuyu cikarir ve boylece onun Bathsheba oldugu anlasilir Bathsheba ya amcasindan buyuk bir miras ve bu mirasin icinde yer alan bu ciftlik kalmistir Bu konu hakkinda farkli duygulari olan Bathsheba Gabriel i ise alir Bathsheba in ve Boldwood Artik Bathsheba nin yeni bir hayrani vardir yalniz ve depresif William Boldwood Kirkli yaslarinda varlikli bir ciftci olan Boldwood un Bathsheba ya olan hisleri ona alisilmis hayranlik dolu bakislari hic sunmadigindi icin Bathseba nin artan merakiyla uzerinde evlen benimle kelimelerinin kabartildigi kirmizi mumla muhurlenmis bir ask mektubu gondermesiyle birlikte farkinda olmadan uyanir Ask mektubunun bir espri oldugunu anlamayan Boldwood Bathsheba ya takintili hale gelir ve kisa bir sure sonra evlenme teklif eder Bathsheba onu sevmemesine ragmen teklifini kabil etme fikriyle eglenmektedir sonucta bolgedeki en uygun bekar Boldwood dur diger taraftan kesin bir yanit vermeyi erteler Dusuncesizligi yuzunden onu azarladiginda ise Gabriel i kovar Ciftlikteki bir kuzu Gastrik dilatasyon volvulus tan muzdarip olunca Bathsheba bu hastaligi tedavi edebilecek tek kisi olan Gabriel i cagirir Geri donmeye ikna olmayan Gabriel i ikna etmek icin Bathsheba gururunu bir kenara birakip yardim etmesi icin ona yalvarir Bu olaydan sonra ikilinin arkadasliklari duzelir ve Bathsheba a Gabriel e eski isini teklif eder Sergeant Troy returns She took up her position as directed Troy courts Bathsheba Cornhill illustration by At this point the dashing Sergeant Francis Frank Troy returns to his native Weatherbury and by chance encounters Bathsheba one night Her initial dislike turns to after he excites her with a private display of Gabriel observes Bathsheba s interest in the young soldier and tries to discourage it telling her she would be better off marrying Boldwood Boldwood becomes aggressive towards Troy and Bathsheba goes to Bath to prevent Troy returning to Weatherbury as she fears Troy may be harmed on meeting Boldwood On their return Boldwood offers his rival a large bribe to give up Bathsheba Troy pretends to consider the offer then scornfully announces they are already married Boldwood withdraws humiliated and vows revenge Bathsheba soon discovers that her new husband is an improvident gambler with little interest in farming Worse she begins to suspect that he does not love her In fact Troy s heart belongs to her former servant Fanny Robin Before meeting Bathsheba Troy had promised to marry Fanny on the wedding day however the luckless girl went to the wrong church She explained her mistake but Troy humiliated at being left waiting at the altar angrily called off the wedding When they parted unbeknownst to Troy Fanny was pregnant with his child Fanny Robin Fanny Robin on her way to the Casterbridge workhouse Cornhill illustration by Helen Paterson Allingham Some months later Troy and Bathsheba encounter Fanny on the road destitute as she painfully makes her way toward the Casterbridge Troy sends his wife onward with the horse and before she can recognise the girl then gives Fanny all the money in his pocket telling her he will give her more in a few days Fanny uses up the last of her strength to reach her destination A few hours later she dies in childbirth along with the baby Mother and child are then placed in a coffin and sent home to Weatherbury for Gabriel who has long known of Troy s relationship with Fanny tries to conceal the child s existence but Bathsheba agrees for the coffin to be left in her house overnight from her sense of duty towards a former servant of the household Her new servant Liddy repeats the rumour that Fanny had a child and so when all the servants are in bed Bathsheba unscrews the lid and sees the two bodies inside her husband s former lover and their child Troy then comes home from Casterbridge where he had gone to keep his appointment with Fanny Seeing the reason for her failure to meet him he gently kisses the corpse and tells the anguished Bathsheba This woman is more to me dead as she is than ever you were or are or can be The next day he spends all his money on a marble tombstone with the inscription Erected by Francis Troy in beloved memory of Fanny Robin Then loathing himself and unable to bear Bathsheba s company he leaves After a long walk he bathes in the sea leaving his clothes on the beach A strong current carries him away but he is rescued by a rowing boat Climax A year later with Troy presumed drowned Boldwood renews his suit Burdened with guilt over the pain she has caused him Bathsheba reluctantly consents to marry him in six years long enough to have Troy declared dead Troy however is not dead When he learns that Boldwood is again courting Bathsheba he returns to Weatherbury on Christmas Eve to claim his wife He goes to Boldwood s house where a party is under way and orders Bathsheba to come with him when she shrinks back in surprise he seizes her arm and she screams At this Boldwood shoots Troy dead and tries unsuccessfully to turn the gun on himself Although Boldwood is condemned to hang for murder his friends petition the for mercy citing insanity This is granted and Boldwood s sentence is changed to confinement during Bathsheba profoundly chastened by guilt and grief buries her husband in the same grave as Fanny and their child and adds a suitable inscription Ending Throughout her tribulations Bathsheba comes to rely increasingly on her oldest and as she admits to herself only real friend Gabriel When he gives notice that he is leaving her employ she realises how important he has become to her well being That night she goes alone to visit him in his cottage to find out why he is deserting her Pressed he reluctantly reveals that it is because people have been injuring her good name by gossiping that he wants to marry her She exclaims that it is too absurd too soon to think of by far He bitterly agrees that it is absurd but when she corrects him saying that it is only too soon he is emboldened to ask once again for her hand in marriage She accepts and the two are quietly wed Turkce BasimlariCilgin Kalabaliktan Uzak cevirmen Nihal Yeginobali Can Yayinlari Cilgin Kalabaliktan Uzak cevirmen Soner Yilmaz Cilgin Kalabaliktan Uzak cevirmen Ayse Turkmen Altin Post Yayincilik Kaynakca Ed 2000 Oxford Reader s Companion to Hardy Oxford Oxford University Press ss 130 132 Higonnet Margaret R Ed 1992 Feminist essays on Hardy the Janus face of gender Urbana University of Illinois Press s 59 ISBN 0252019407 erisim tarihi kullanmak icin url gerekiyor yardim