Toplumsal sınıf toplumlar veya kültürler içindeki bireyler veya gruplar arasında hiyerarşik farklılığı (veya ) ifade etmektedir. Genellikle bireyler sınıf içinde ekonomik konumlarına ve katmanlaşma sistemi içinde benzer siyasi ve ekonomik ilgilerine göre gruplaşmaktadırlar.
Çoğu toplum, özellikle ulus devletlerin toplumsal sınıflaşma özelliği gösterdiği görülmektedir. Ancak sınıf evrensel bir görüngü değildir. Birçok avcı-toplayıcı toplumda toplumsal sınıf yoktur, sıklıkla sürekli liderleri olmaz ve toplum üyelerini hiyerarşik güç yapıları içinde bölmekten kaçınırlar.
Toplumsal sınıflar
- Yaka rengine göre işçilerin belirlenmesi
- Entelektüel sınıf
- Savaşçı sınıfı
Konuyla ilgili yayınlar
- Archer, Louise et al. Higher Education and Social Class: Issues of Exclusion and Inclusion (RoutledgeFalmer, 2003) ()
- Barbrook, Richard (2006). (paperback bas.). Londra: OpenMute. 0-9550664-7-6. 1 Ağustos 2018 tarihinde kaynağından arşivlendi. Erişim tarihi: 8 Ekim 2020.
- Bertaux, Daniel & Thomson, Paul; Pathways to Social Class: A Qualitative Approach to Social Mobility (Clarendon Press, 1997)
- Bisson, Thomas N.; Cultures of Power: Lordship, Status, and Process in Twelfth-Century Europe (University of Pennsylvania Press, 1995)
- Blau, Peter & Duncan Otis D.; The American Occupational Structure (1967) classic study of structure and mobility
- Brady, David "Rethinking the Sociological Measurement of Poverty" Vol. 81 No.3, (March 2003), pp. 715–751 (abstract online4 Mart 2016 tarihinde Wayback Machine sitesinde . in Project Muse).
- Broom, Leonard & Jones, F. Lancaster; Opportunity and Attainment in Australia (1977)
- Cohen, Lizabeth; Consumer's Republic, (Knopf, 2003) (). (Historical analysis of the working out of class in the United States).
- Croix, Geoffrey de Ste.; "Class in Marx's Conception of History, Ancient and Modern"22 Şubat 2012 tarihinde Wayback Machine sitesinde ., , No. 146, (1984), pp. 94–111 (good study of Marx's concept).
- Dargin, Justin http://www.atimes.com/atimes/Central_Asia/IL06Ag01.html6 Mayıs 2011 tarihinde Wayback Machine sitesinde . "The Birth of Russia's Energy Class" [Asia Times] (2007) (good study of contemporary class formation in Russia, post communism)
- Day, Gary; Class, (Routledge, 2001) ()
- Eichar, Douglas M.; Occupation and Class Consciousness in America (Greenwood Press, 1989)
- Fantasia, Rick; Levine, Rhonda F.; McNall, Scott G., eds.; Bringing Class Back in Contemporary and Historical Perspectives (Westview Press, 1991)
- Featherman, David L. & Hauser Robert M.; Opportunity and Change (1978).
- , Class Divisions Today: The Inclusive Democracy approach1 Eylül 2007 tarihinde Wayback Machine sitesinde ., , Vol. 6, No. 2, (July 2000)
- Fussell, Paul; Class (a painfully accurate guide through the American status system), (1983) ()
- Giddens, Anthony; The Class Structure of the Advanced Societies, (London: Hutchinson, 1981).
- Giddens, Anthony & Mackenzie, Gavin (Eds.), Social Class and the Division of Labour. Essays in Honour of Ilya Neustadt (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1982).
- Goldthorne, John & Erikson Robert; The Constant Flux: A Study of Class Mobility in Industrial Society (1992)
- Grusky, David B. ed.; Social Stratification: Class, Race, and Gender in Sociological Perspective (2001) scholarly articles
- Hazelrigg, Lawrence E. & Lopreato, Joseph; Class, Conflict, and Mobility: Theories and Studies of Class Structure (1972).
- Hymowitz, Kay; Marriage and Caste in America: Separate and Unequal Families in a Post-Marital Age (2006)
- Kaeble, Helmut; Social Mobility in the Nineteenth and Twentieth Centuries: Europe and America in Comparative Perspective (1985)
- Mahalingam, Ramaswami; "Essentialism, Culture, and Power: Representations of Social Class" Journal of Social Issues, Vol. 59, (2003), pp. 733+ on India
- Mahony, Pat & Zmroczek, Christine; Class Matters: 'Working-Class' Women's Perspectives on Social Class (Taylor & Francis, 1997)
- Manza, Jeff & Brooks, Clem; Social Cleavages and Political Change: Voter Alignments and U.S. Party Coalitions (Oxford University Press, 1999).
- Manza, Jeff; "Political Sociological Models of the U.S. New Deal" Annual Review of Sociology, (2000) pp. 297+
- Manza, Jeff; Hout, Michael & Brooks Clem; "Class Voting in Capitalist Democracies since World War II: Dealignment, Realignment, or Trendless Fluctuation?" Annual Review of Sociology, Vol. 21, (1995)
- Marmot, Michael; The Status Syndrome: How Social Standing Affects Our Health and Longevity (2004)
- Marx, Karl & Engels, Frederick; The Communist Manifesto, (1848). (The key statement of class conflict as the driver of historical change).
- Merriman, John M.; Consciousness and Class Experience in Nineteenth-Century Europe (Holmes & Meier Publishers, 1979)
- Ostrander, Susan A.; Women of the Upper Class (Temple University Press, 1984).
- Owensby, Brian P.; Intimate Ironies: Modernity and the Making of Middle-Class Lives in Brazil (Stanford University, 1999).
- Pakulski, Jan & Waters, Malcolm; The Death of Class (Sage, 1996). (rejection of the relevance of class for modern societies)
- Payne, Geoff; The Social Mobility of Women: Beyond Male Mobility Models (1990)
- ; "Classical Liberal Exploitation Theory: A Comment on Professor Liggio's Paper"5 Eylül 2011 tarihinde Wayback Machine sitesinde ., , Vol.1, No.3, pp. 179–183, (1977).
- Savage, Mike; Class Analysis and Social Transformation (London: Open University Press, 2000).
- Sennett, Richard & Cobb, Jonathan; The Hidden Injuries of Class, (Vintage, 1972) (classic study of the subjective experience of class).
- Siegelbaum, Lewis H. & Suny, Ronald; eds.; Making Workers Soviet: Power, Class, and Identity. (Cornell University Press, 1994). Russia 1870-1940
- Sorokin, Pitrim; Social Mobility (New York, 1927)
- Warner, W. Lloyd et al. Social Class in America: A Manual of Procedure for the Measurement of Social Status (1949).
- Wlkowitz, Daniel J.; Working with Class: Social Workers and the Politics of Middle-Class Identity (University of North Carolina Press, 1999).
- "Class, Status and Party", Max Weber, in e.g. Gerth, Hans and C. Wright Mills, From Max Weber: Essays in Sociology, (Oxford University Press, 1958). (Weber's key statement of the multiple nature of stratification).
- Weinburg, Mark; "The Social Analysis of Three Early 19th century French liberals: Say, Comte, and Dunoyer"14 Aralık 2010 tarihinde Wayback Machine sitesinde ., , Vol. 2, No. 1, pp. 45–63, (1978).
- ; The Retreat from Class: A New 'True' Socialism, (Schocken Books, 1986) () and (Verso Classics, January 1999) reprint with new introduction ().
- ; , , Vol. 49, No. 3, (1997).
- Wouters, Cas.; "The Integration of Social Classes." Journal of Social History. Volume 29, Issue 1, (1995). pp 107+. (on social manners)
- Wright, Erik Olin; The Debate on Classes (Verso, 1990). (neo-Marxist)
- Wright, Erik Olin; Class Counts: Comparative Studies in Class Analysis (Cambridge University Press, 1997)
- Wright, Erik Olin ed. Approaches to Class Analysis (2005). (scholarly articles)
- Zmroczek, Christine & Mahony, Pat (Eds.), Women and Social Class: International Feminist Perspectives. (London: UCL Press 1999)
Dış bağlantılar
- Class Action:17 Eylül 2019 tarihinde Wayback Machine sitesinde .
- http://www.atimes.com/atimes/Central_Asia/IL06Ag01.html6 Mayıs 2011 tarihinde Wayback Machine sitesinde . Dargin, Justin, The Birth of Russia's New Energy Class. The Asia Times (Dec. 6, 2007)
- Class
- Charles Dunoyer And The Theory Of Industrialism23 Ocak 2004 tarihinde Wayback Machine sitesinde . and Comte And Dunoyer After The 1830 Revolution: The Impact Of Their Ideas23 Nisan 2004 tarihinde Wayback Machine sitesinde . in The Radical Liberalism Of Charles Comte And Charles Dunoyer4 Aralık 2003 tarihinde Wayback Machine sitesinde . by .
- Marxist and Austrian Class Analysis19 Kasım 2010 tarihinde Wayback Machine sitesinde . (PDF) by Hans-Hermann Hoppe
- Classical Liberal Roots of the Marxist Doctrine of Classes22 Temmuz 2009 tarihinde Wayback Machine sitesinde . (PDF document), (MP3 audio file), lecture by Ralph Raico.
- - Jan Rupp
Dipnot
- ^ Habermas, J. (2006). "the European Nation State - Its Achievments and Its Limits. On the Past and Future Sovereignty and Citizenship", in G. Balakrishan (ed.) Mapping the Nation. London: Vernon. 281 - 294
- ^ Gowdy, John (2006) "Hunter-gatherers and the mythology of the market," in and Richard H. Daly (eds.), The Cambridge Encyclopedia of Hunters and Gatherers, pp.391-394. New York: Cambridge University Press
İlgili maddeler
- Sosyoloji maddeleri listesi
- Sosyal statü
- Sosyal ilişki
- Sosyal hizmet
- Sosyal sorumluluk
- Sosyal ret
- Sosyal düzen
- Sosyal katılım
- Sosyal etki
- Sosyal güvenlik
- Kamusal figür
- Toplumsal tabakalaşma
- Sınıf mücadelesi
- Sınıf ayrımı
- Sınıfsız toplum
- Yeni zengin
- Yoksulluk
- Servet
- Sosyal dışlanma
- Toplumsal hareketlilik
- Sosyal yatırım vakfı
- Sosyal fenomen
- Sosyal adalet
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- Sosyal kontrol
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- Toplumsal grup
- Toplumsal hareket
- Toplumsal değişme
- Toplumsal bütünleşme
- Toplumsal eşitlik
- Toplumsal yapı
- Toplumsal çözülme
- Toplumsal olay
- Toplumsal eleştiri
- Toplumsal gerçeklik
- Toplumsal sorun
- Toplumsal yabancılaşma
- Toplumsallaşma
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Toplumsal sinif toplumlar veya kulturler icindeki bireyler veya gruplar arasinda hiyerarsik farkliligi veya ifade etmektedir Genellikle bireyler sinif icinde ekonomik konumlarina ve katmanlasma sistemi icinde benzer siyasi ve ekonomik ilgilerine gore gruplasmaktadirlar Cogu toplum ozellikle ulus devletlerin toplumsal siniflasma ozelligi gosterdigi gorulmektedir Ancak sinif evrensel bir gorungu degildir Bircok avci toplayici toplumda toplumsal sinif yoktur siklikla surekli liderleri olmaz ve toplum uyelerini hiyerarsik guc yapilari icinde bolmekten kacinirlar Toplumsal siniflarYaka rengine gore iscilerin belirlenmesiMavi yakali isci Yesil yakali isci Gri yakali isci Pembe yakali isci Beyaz yakali isciEgemen sinifEntelektuel sinifRuhban sinifi Papaz ProfesorSavasci sinifiKazaklar Hashasiler Sovalye SamurayUst sinifBurjuvazi Buyuk isadami Oligarsi Seckinler Lord Baron Asil Rus oligarklarBohemyanizmOrta sinifKucuk burjuvazi Alt orta sinifLumpen proletarya ProletaryaAlt sinifKanun kacagi Koylu Serf Plebler Kole Azatli koleKonuyla ilgili yayinlarArcher Louise et al Higher Education and Social Class Issues of Exclusion and Inclusion RoutledgeFalmer 2003 ISBN 0 415 27644 6 Barbrook Richard 2006 paperback bas Londra OpenMute 0 9550664 7 6 1 Agustos 2018 tarihinde kaynagindan arsivlendi Erisim tarihi 8 Ekim 2020 Bertaux Daniel amp Thomson Paul Pathways to Social Class A Qualitative Approach to Social Mobility Clarendon Press 1997 Bisson Thomas N Cultures of Power Lordship Status and Process in Twelfth Century Europe University of Pennsylvania Press 1995 Blau Peter amp Duncan Otis D The American Occupational Structure 1967 classic study of structure and mobility Brady David Rethinking the Sociological Measurement of Poverty Vol 81 No 3 March 2003 pp 715 751 abstract online4 Mart 2016 tarihinde Wayback Machine sitesinde in Project Muse Broom Leonard amp Jones F Lancaster Opportunity and Attainment in Australia 1977 Cohen Lizabeth Consumer s Republic Knopf 2003 ISBN 0 375 40750 2 Historical analysis of the working out of class in the United States Croix Geoffrey de Ste Class in Marx s Conception of History Ancient and Modern 22 Subat 2012 tarihinde Wayback Machine sitesinde No 146 1984 pp 94 111 good study of Marx s concept Dargin Justin http www atimes com atimes Central Asia IL06Ag01 html6 Mayis 2011 tarihinde Wayback Machine sitesinde The Birth of Russia s Energy Class Asia Times 2007 good study of contemporary class formation in Russia post communism Day Gary Class Routledge 2001 ISBN 0 415 18222 0 Eichar Douglas M Occupation and Class Consciousness in America Greenwood Press 1989 Fantasia Rick Levine Rhonda F McNall Scott G eds Bringing Class Back in Contemporary and Historical Perspectives Westview Press 1991 Featherman David L amp Hauser Robert M Opportunity and Change 1978 Class Divisions Today The Inclusive Democracy approach1 Eylul 2007 tarihinde Wayback Machine sitesinde Vol 6 No 2 July 2000 Fussell Paul Class a painfully accurate guide through the American status system 1983 ISBN 0 345 31816 1 Giddens Anthony The Class Structure of the Advanced Societies London Hutchinson 1981 Giddens Anthony amp Mackenzie Gavin Eds Social Class and the Division of Labour Essays in Honour of Ilya Neustadt Cambridge Cambridge University Press 1982 Goldthorne John amp Erikson Robert The Constant Flux A Study of Class Mobility in Industrial Society 1992 Grusky David B ed Social Stratification Class Race and Gender in Sociological Perspective 2001 scholarly articles Hazelrigg Lawrence E amp Lopreato Joseph Class Conflict and Mobility Theories and Studies of Class Structure 1972 Hymowitz Kay Marriage and Caste in America Separate and Unequal Families in a Post Marital Age 2006 ISBN 1 56663 709 0 Kaeble Helmut Social Mobility in the Nineteenth and Twentieth Centuries Europe and America in Comparative Perspective 1985 Mahalingam Ramaswami Essentialism Culture and Power Representations of Social Class Journal of Social Issues Vol 59 2003 pp 733 on India Mahony Pat amp Zmroczek Christine Class Matters Working Class Women s Perspectives on Social Class Taylor amp Francis 1997 Manza Jeff amp Brooks Clem Social Cleavages and Political Change Voter Alignments and U S Party Coalitions Oxford University Press 1999 Manza Jeff Political Sociological Models of the U S New Deal Annual Review of Sociology 2000 pp 297 Manza Jeff Hout Michael amp Brooks Clem Class Voting in Capitalist Democracies since World War II Dealignment Realignment or Trendless Fluctuation Annual Review of Sociology Vol 21 1995 Marmot Michael The Status Syndrome How Social Standing Affects Our Health and Longevity 2004 Marx Karl amp Engels Frederick The Communist Manifesto 1848 The key statement of class conflict as the driver of historical change Merriman John M Consciousness and Class Experience in Nineteenth Century Europe Holmes amp Meier Publishers 1979 Ostrander Susan A Women of the Upper Class Temple University Press 1984 Owensby Brian P Intimate Ironies Modernity and the Making of Middle Class Lives in Brazil Stanford University 1999 Pakulski Jan amp Waters Malcolm The Death of Class Sage 1996 rejection of the relevance of class for modern societies Payne Geoff The Social Mobility of Women Beyond Male Mobility Models 1990 Classical Liberal Exploitation Theory A Comment on Professor Liggio s Paper 5 Eylul 2011 tarihinde Wayback Machine sitesinde Vol 1 No 3 pp 179 183 1977 Savage Mike Class Analysis and Social Transformation London Open University Press 2000 Sennett Richard amp Cobb Jonathan The Hidden Injuries of Class Vintage 1972 classic study of the subjective experience of class Siegelbaum Lewis H amp Suny Ronald eds Making Workers Soviet Power Class and Identity Cornell University Press 1994 Russia 1870 1940 Sorokin Pitrim Social Mobility New York 1927 Warner W Lloyd et al Social Class in America A Manual of Procedure for the Measurement of Social Status 1949 Wlkowitz Daniel J Working with Class Social Workers and the Politics of Middle Class Identity University of North Carolina Press 1999 Class Status and Party Max Weber in e g Gerth Hans and C Wright Mills From Max Weber Essays in Sociology Oxford University Press 1958 Weber s key statement of the multiple nature of stratification Weinburg Mark The Social Analysis of Three Early 19th century French liberals Say Comte and Dunoyer 14 Aralik 2010 tarihinde Wayback Machine sitesinde Vol 2 No 1 pp 45 63 1978 The Retreat from Class A New True Socialism Schocken Books 1986 ISBN 0 8052 7280 1 and Verso Classics January 1999 reprint with new introduction ISBN 1 85984 270 4 Vol 49 No 3 1997 Wouters Cas The Integration of Social Classes Journal of Social History Volume 29 Issue 1 1995 pp 107 on social manners Wright Erik Olin The Debate on Classes Verso 1990 neo Marxist Wright Erik Olin Class Counts Comparative Studies in Class Analysis Cambridge University Press 1997 Wright Erik Olin ed Approaches to Class Analysis 2005 scholarly articles Zmroczek Christine amp Mahony Pat Eds Women and Social Class International Feminist Perspectives London UCL Press 1999 Dis baglantilarClass Action 17 Eylul 2019 tarihinde Wayback Machine sitesinde http www atimes com atimes Central Asia IL06Ag01 html6 Mayis 2011 tarihinde Wayback Machine sitesinde Dargin Justin The Birth of Russia s New Energy Class The Asia Times Dec 6 2007 Class Charles Dunoyer And The Theory Of Industrialism23 Ocak 2004 tarihinde Wayback Machine sitesinde and Comte And Dunoyer After The 1830 Revolution The Impact Of Their Ideas23 Nisan 2004 tarihinde Wayback Machine sitesinde in The Radical Liberalism Of Charles Comte And Charles Dunoyer4 Aralik 2003 tarihinde Wayback Machine sitesinde by Marxist and Austrian Class Analysis19 Kasim 2010 tarihinde Wayback Machine sitesinde PDF by Hans Hermann Hoppe Classical Liberal Roots of the Marxist Doctrine of Classes22 Temmuz 2009 tarihinde Wayback Machine sitesinde PDF document MP3 audio file lecture by Ralph Raico Jan RuppDipnot Habermas J 2006 the European Nation State Its Achievments and Its Limits On the Past and Future Sovereignty and Citizenship in G Balakrishan ed Mapping the Nation London Vernon 281 294 Gowdy John 2006 Hunter gatherers and the mythology of the market in and Richard H Daly eds The Cambridge Encyclopedia of Hunters and Gatherers pp 391 394 New York Cambridge University PressIlgili maddelerSosyoloji maddeleri listesi Sosyal statu Sosyal iliski Sosyal hizmet Sosyal sorumluluk Sosyal ret Sosyal duzen Sosyal katilim Sosyal etki Sosyal guvenlik Kamusal figur Toplumsal tabakalasma Sinif mucadelesi Sinif ayrimi Sinifsiz toplum Yeni zengin Yoksulluk Servet Sosyal dislanma Toplumsal hareketlilik Sosyal yatirim vakfi Sosyal fenomen Sosyal adalet Sosyal saglik Sosyal pozisyon Sosyal bulasma Sosyal bozulma Sosyal cag Sosyal cevre Sosyal kisitlamalar Sosyal esitsizlik Sosyal kontrol Toplumsal devrim Toplum felsefesi Toplumsal gercekcilik Toplumsal sozlesme Toplumsal grup Toplumsal hareket Toplumsal degisme Toplumsal butunlesme Toplumsal esitlik Toplumsal yapi Toplumsal cozulme Toplumsal olay Toplumsal elestiri Toplumsal gerceklik Toplumsal sorun Toplumsal yabancilasma Toplumsallasma