Hepatit, karaciğer hücrelerinde inflamasyon ile karakterize tıbbi durumdur. İsim Yunanca hepar (ἧπαρ); hepat- (ἡπατ-), karaciğer kökünden ve sonek -itis, "inflamasyon" 'dan türemiştir (karaciğer inflamasyonu)(c. 1727) Karaciğerdeki inflamasyon zamanla kendini sınırlayabilir ya da fibrozis ve siroza ilerleyebilir.
Hepatit | |
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patolojik görüntüsü; yağlı değişiklikler, hücre nekrozu, | |
Uzmanlık | Gastroenteroloji, hepatology, enfeksiyon hastalıkları, İç hastalıkları, Aile hekimliği |
Hepatit sınırlı ya da hiçbir belirti olmaksızın ortaya çıkabilir ama çoğu zaman sarılık, (iştahsızlık) ve halsizlik gibi semptomlara neden olabilir. Altı aydan daha kısa sürerse akut; daha uzun sürerse kronik hepatit olarak isimlendirilir. Hepatit dünya genelinde en fazla hepatit virüsleri denilen bir grup virüs tarafından oluşturulur ama aynı zamanda toksinler (özellikle alkol, belirli ilaçlar, bazı endüstriyel organik çözücüler ve bitkiler), diğer enfeksiyonlar ve otoimmün hastalıklar nedeniyle de meydana gelebilir.
Nedenleri
Akut
- Viral hepatitler (15 aile)
- Adenoviridae:
- : ,,,, ve
- : Kırım-Kongo kanamalı ateş virüsü,,,,, ve
- Coronaviridae:
- : Parvovirus B19
- : ,,Hepatit C, ,,Sarı humma
- : ve
- Hepadnaviridae: Hepatit B
- : Hepatit E
- : Cytomegalovirus,Epstein Barr virus,Varicella zoster virus, , ve
- : Influenza
- : Parvovirus B19
- : ,Hepatit A
- : ,
- Atanmamış: Hepatit D
- Bakteri
- Anaplasma
- Protozoal
- Parazitik
- Fungal
- Alg
- Enfeksiyöz olmayan
- Alkol
- Otoimmün koşullar: Sistemik lupus eritematozus
- İlaçlar: Parasetamol, amoksisilin, , minosiklin ve diğerleri
- (dolaşım yetmezliği)
- : Wilson hastalığı
- Gebelik
- Toksinler: Amanita toksini (Mantar), karbon tetraklorür,
Kronik
Kaynakça
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Dış bağlantılar
- WHO - hepatit sayfası 2 Aralık 2013 tarihinde Wayback Machine sitesinde .
- Viral Hepatitis - CDC 17 Mayıs 2008 tarihinde Wayback Machine sitesinde .
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Hepatit karaciger hucrelerinde inflamasyon ile karakterize tibbi durumdur Isim Yunanca hepar ἧpar hepat ἡpat karaciger kokunden ve sonek itis inflamasyon dan turemistir karaciger inflamasyonu c 1727 Karacigerdeki inflamasyon zamanla kendini sinirlayabilir ya da fibrozis ve siroza ilerleyebilir Hepatitpatolojik goruntusu yagli degisiklikler hucre nekrozu UzmanlikGastroenteroloji hepatology enfeksiyon hastaliklari Ic hastaliklari Aile hekimligi Hepatit sinirli ya da hicbir belirti olmaksizin ortaya cikabilir ama cogu zaman sarilik istahsizlik ve halsizlik gibi semptomlara neden olabilir Alti aydan daha kisa surerse akut daha uzun surerse kronik hepatit olarak isimlendirilir Hepatit dunya genelinde en fazla hepatit virusleri denilen bir grup virus tarafindan olusturulur ama ayni zamanda toksinler ozellikle alkol belirli ilaclar bazi endustriyel organik cozuculer ve bitkiler diger enfeksiyonlar ve otoimmun hastaliklar nedeniyle de meydana gelebilir NedenleriAkut Viral hepatitler 15 aile Adenoviridae ve Kirim Kongo kanamali ates virusu ve Coronaviridae Parvovirus B19 Hepatit C Sari humma ve Hepadnaviridae Hepatit B Hepatit E Cytomegalovirus Epstein Barr virus Varicella zoster virus ve Influenza Parvovirus B19 Hepatit A Atanmamis Hepatit DBakteriAnaplasma Chlamydia trachomatis Leptospira Mycobacterium tuberculosis Nocardia Rickettsia Salmonella Streptococcus pyogenes Treponema pallidum YersiniaProtozoalEntamoeba histolytica Leishmania Plasmodium ToxoplasmaParazitikAscaris lumbricoides Echinococcus Metorchis Opisthorchis Paragonimus SchistosomaFungalAspergillus CandidaAlgEnfeksiyoz olmayanAlkol Otoimmun kosullar Sistemik lupus eritematozus Ilaclar Parasetamol amoksisilin minosiklin ve digerleri dolasim yetmezligi Wilson hastaligi Gebelik Toksinler Amanita toksini Mantar karbon tetraklorur Kronik Alkol Otoimmun Ilaclar Isoniazid Ketokonazol Metildopa Nitrofurantoin Kalitsal Wilson hastaligi ve primer sklerozan kolanjit bazen kronik hepatiti taklit eder Viral hepatit Hepatit B ile birlikte ya da ayri olarak hepatit D hepatit C ne hepatit A ne de hepatit E kronik hepatite neden olmaz Kaynakca Online Etymology Dictionary 20 Ekim 2012 tarihinde kaynagindan Erisim tarihi 19 Temmuz 2012 Esto es la hepatitis Conocela enfrentate a ella Infoterio Noticias Ciencia y Tecnologia Ispanyolca 12 Subat 2023 tarihinde kaynagindan Erisim tarihi 14 Subat 2023 a b c d e Miguet JP Coaquette A Bresson Hadni S Lab M Haziran 1990 The other types of viral hepatitis Rev Prat Fransizca 40 18 ss 1656 9 PMID 2164704 KB1 bakim Birden fazla ad yazar listesi link Briese T Paweska JT McMullan LK ve digerleri Mayis 2009 Genetic detection and characterization of Lujo virus a new hemorrhagic fever associated arenavirus from southern Africa PLoS Pathog 5 5 ss e1000455 doi 10 1371 journal ppat 1000455 PMC 2680969 2 PMID 19478873 KB1 bakim Digerlerinin yanlis kullanimi link KB1 bakim Birden fazla ad yazar listesi link Appannanavar SB Mishra B Temmuz 2011 An update on crimean congo hemorrhagic Fever J Glob Infect Dis 3 3 ss 285 92 doi 10 4103 0974 777X 83537 PMC 3162818 2 PMID 21887063 25 Ocak 2012 tarihinde kaynagindan Erisim tarihi 19 Temmuz 2012 Peters W Haziran 2002 Novel and challenging infections of man A brief overview Parassitologia 44 1 2 ss 33 42 PMID 12404808 Glass GE Watson AJ LeDuc JW Childs JE 1994 Domestic cases of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome in the United States Nephron 68 1 ss 48 51 PMID 7991040 KB1 bakim Birden fazla ad yazar listesi link Olsson GE Leirs H Henttonen H Agustos 2010 Hantaviruses and their hosts in Europe reservoirs here and there but not everywhere Vector Borne Zoonotic Dis 10 6 ss 549 61 doi 10 1089 vbz 2009 0138 PMID 20795916 KB1 bakim Birden fazla ad yazar listesi link Ikegami T Makino S Mayis 2011 The pathogenesis of Rift Valley fever Viruses 3 5 ss 493 519 doi 10 3390 v3050493 PMC 3111045 2 PMID 21666766 Burke RL Kronmann KC Daniels CC ve digerleri Kasim 2011 A Review of Zoonotic Disease Surveillance Supported by 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